Not to be confused with hypoventilation or Hyperventilation syndrome.
Medical condition
Hyperventilation
Other names
Overbreathing
Specialty
Pulmonology
Symptoms
Rapid breathing to the point where the body eliminates more carbon dioxide than it can produce
Complications
Fainting
Hyperventilation is irregular breathing that occurs when the rate or tidal volume of breathing eliminates more carbon dioxide than the body can produce.[1][2][3] This leads to hypocapnia, a reduced concentration of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood. The body normally attempts to compensate for this homeostatically, but if this fails or is overridden, the blood pH will rise, leading to respiratory alkalosis. The symptoms of respiratory alkalosis include dizziness, tingling in the lips, hands, or feet, headache, weakness, fainting, and seizures. In extreme cases, it may cause carpopedal spasms, a flapping and contraction of the hands and feet.[3][4]
Factors that may induce or sustain[2] hyperventilation include: physiological stress, anxiety or panic disorder, high altitude, head injury, stroke, respiratory disorders such as asthma, pneumonia, or hyperventilation syndrome,[5] cardiovascular problems such as pulmonary embolisms, anemia, an incorrectly calibrated medical respirator,[1][3] and adverse reactions to certain drugs.
Hyperventilation can also be induced intentionally to achieve an altered state of consciousness such as in the choking game, during breathwork, or in an attempt to extend a breath-hold dive.
^ abGuyton, Arthur C.; Hall, John E. (2005). Textbook of medical physiology (11th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. p. 397. ISBN 0-7216-0240-1.
^ abLongo, Dan; et al. (2012). Harrison's principles of internal medicine (18th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 2185. ISBN 978-0071748896.
^ abcBrandis, Kerry (30 August 2015). "6.2 Respiratory Alkalosis - Causes". Acid-base Physiology(Reviewed in 2006 by the American Thoracic Society).
^Byrd, Ryland P Jr. (5 August 2016). "Respiratory Alkalosis: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology". eMedicine.
^"eMedicine - Hyperventilation Syndrome: Article by Edward Newton, MD". Retrieved 29 November 2016.
Hyperventilation is irregular breathing that occurs when the rate or tidal volume of breathing eliminates more carbon dioxide than the body can produce...
Hyperventilation syndrome (HVS), also known as chronic hyperventilation syndrome (CHVS), dysfunctional breathing hyperventilation syndrome, cryptotetany...
Risk cannot be quantified, but is clearly increased by any level of hyperventilation. Freediving blackout can occur on any dive profile: at constant depth...
diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure. It is a form of hyperventilation, which is any breathing pattern that reduces carbon dioxide in the...
characteristics of postural hyperventilation: POTS with hyperventilation versus panic versus voluntary hyperventilation". Journal of Applied Physiology...
Hypocapnia usually results from deep or rapid breathing, known as hyperventilation. Hypocapnia is the opposite of hypercapnia. Even when marked, hypocapnia...
Central neurogenic hyperventilation (CNH) is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by deep and rapid breaths at a rate of at least 25 breaths...
context, are people who can hold their breath for a long time. Voluntary hyperventilation before beginning voluntary apnea is commonly believed to allow the...
cases of carotid sinus hypersensitivity. The second mechanism requires hyperventilation (forced overbreathing) until symptoms of hypocapnia such as tingling...
by chronically increased respiratory rate or hyperventilation. The method aims to correct hyperventilation and encourage shallower, slower breathing. Treatments...
A limited study of ENS patients found that ENS is associated with hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) in 77.3% of the study population. The study suggests...
Some of the public[who?] describe tachypnea as any rapid breathing. Hyperventilation is then described as increased ventilation of the alveoli (which can...
High altitude areas Salicylate poisoning (aspirin overdose) Fever Hyperventilation (due to heart disorder or other, including improper mechanical ventilation)...
many of the same characteristics as certain anxiety disorders and hyperventilation disorders and may be present in a comorbid state with these disorders...
calcium is reduced; one common reason for low carbon dioxide levels is hyperventilation. Low levels of magnesium can lead to tetany. Clostridium tetani toxin...
those with malnutrition, recovery from diabetic ketoacidosis, burns, hyperventilation, and certain medications. It may also occur in the setting of hyperparathyroidism...
If severe, it may cause tetany. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation, resulting in a loss of carbon dioxide. Compensatory mechanisms for...
(29%) for hypocalcemia. This sign may also be observed as a symptom of hyperventilation syndrome as a result of hypocapnia-induced reduction of calcium levels...
research group concluding that "Unrecognized and inadvertent hyperventilation KG. Hyperventilation-induced hypotension during cardiopulmonary resuscitation...
often termed "cot death" or "crib death". The opposite condition is hyperventilation (too much ventilation), resulting in low carbon dioxide levels (hypocapnia)...
whether suspension or short drop hanging Self-induced hypocapnia by hyperventilation, as in shallow water or deep water blackout and the choking game Inert...
Occasional laboured breathing, short period of hyperventilation Noisy laboured breathing, long period of hyperventilation, Cheyne-Stokes respirations Negative vocalization...
feelings of panic, terror and dread. Resulting panic attacks can include hyperventilation and stress. These negative and agitating symptoms can be produced by...
needles tingling sensation). Other causes include conditions such as hyperventilation syndrome and panic attacks. A cold sore outside the mouth (not a canker...
ventilation and respiratory alkalosis. The increased pH secondary to hyperventilation with respiratory alkalosis causes an increase in lipolysis and ketogenesis...
Global Information