The Flag of Tibet, also known as the "Snow Lion flag" (gangs seng dar cha), was used by the de facto independent state of Tibet as the national flag. It continues to be used by the Tibetan government-in-exile and by supporters of the Tibetan independence movement.
Human rights in Tibet are a contentious issue. Reported abuses of human rights in Tibet include restricted freedom of religion, belief, and association; arbitrary arrest; maltreatment in custody, including torture; and forced abortion and sterilization. The status of religion, mainly as it relates to figures who are both religious and political, such as the exile of the 14th Dalai Lama, is a regular object of criticism. Additionally, freedom of the press in China is absent, with Tibet's media tightly controlled by the Chinese leadership,[1] making it difficult to accurately determine the scope of human rights abuses.[2]
Tibet exhibits unfavorable working conditions, instances of workplace harassment, and a deficiency in labor inspection mechanisms for addressing violations. Additionally, China has undertaken a widespread campaign aimed at eradicating Tibetan culture and language.[3]
According to a 1992 Amnesty International report (unverified figures), judicial standards in China, including judicial standards in autonomous Tibet, were not up to "international standards." The report charged the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)[4] government with keeping political prisoners and prisoners of conscience; ill-treatment of detainees, including torture and inaction in the face of ill-treatment; the use of the death penalty; extrajudicial executions;[4][5] and forced abortion, sterilization,[6][7] and even infanticide.[6] A 2020 Reuters report stated that 15 percent of Tibet's population is part of a mass labor program that human rights groups have deemed coercive.[8] Critics of the CCP say that its official aim to eliminate "the three evils of separatism, terrorism and religious extremism" is used as a pretext for human rights abuses.[9] Under the Chinese Communist Party, no one is free. Every aspect of Tibetan life is under siege.[10]
Human rights in Tibet prior to its annexation by the People's Republic of China differed considerably from those in the modern era. Before 1951, Tibet was ruled by a theocracy[11] or serfdom and had a caste-like social hierarchy.[12]
^"Tibet profile". BBC News. 2019-04-26. Retrieved 2020-11-20.
^US State Department, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, 2008 Human Rights Report: China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau), February 25, 2009
^Tsering, Dawa (2023-03-08). "UN Body Concludes Widespread Human Rights Violations in Tibet and Recommends China to Take Corrective Actions". Central Tibetan Administration. Retrieved 2023-07-11.
^ abAmnesty International, Amnesty International: "China - Amnesty International's concerns in Tibet" Archived 2009-09-12 at the Wayback Machine , Secretary-General's Report: Situation in Tibet, E/CN.4/1992/37
^"Amnesty International Documents". Hrweb.org. Archived from the original on 2012-03-15. Retrieved 2012-12-09.
^ abGoldstein, Melvyn; Cynthia, Beall (March 1991). "China's Birth Control Policy in the Tibet Autonomous Region". Asian Survey. 31 (3): 285–303. doi:10.2307/2645246. JSTOR 2645246.
^"Genocide in Tibet - Children of Despair" (PDF). Child Rights International Network. Campaign Free Tibet. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-01-19. There is a great deal of evidence and detailed testimony, which indicates that [forced abortion and sterilisation] has been Chinese policy in Tibet for many years
^Cadell, Cate (September 22, 2020). "China sharply expands mass labor program in Tibet". Reuters. Retrieved September 24, 2020.
^Simon Denyer, China cracks down on aggrieved party cadres in Xinjiang and Tibet Archived 2016-12-29 at the Wayback Machine , The Guardian, 8 December 2015.
^Davidson, Helen (2021-01-13). "China in darkest period for human rights since Tiananmen, says rights group". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-06-08.
^Samten G. Karmay, Religion and Politics: commentary Archived 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine , September 2008: "from 1642 the Ganden Potrang, the official seat of the government in Drepung Monastery, came to symbolize the supreme power in both the theory and practice of a theocratic government. This was indeed a political triumph that Buddhism had never known in its history in Tibet."
^Fjeld, Heidi (2003). Commoners and Nobles:Hereditary Divisions in Tibet. Nordic Institute of Asian Studies. p. 5. ISBN 978-87-91114-17-5. Archived from the original on 2020-08-23. Retrieved 2015-11-15.
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