Huaynaputina (/ˌwaɪnəpʊˈtiːnə/WY-nə-puu-TEE-nə; Spanish:[wajnapuˈtina]) is a volcano in a volcanic high plateau in southern Peru. Lying in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, it was formed by the subduction of the oceanic Nazca Plate under the continental South American Plate. Huaynaputina is a large volcanic crater, lacking an identifiable mountain profile, with an outer stratovolcano and three younger volcanic vents within an amphitheatre-shaped structure that is either a former caldera or a remnant of glacial erosion. The volcano has erupted dacitic magma.
In the Holocene,[a] Huaynaputina has erupted several times, including on 19February 1600 – the largest eruption ever recorded in South America – which continued with a series of events into March. Witnessed by people in the city of Arequipa, it killed at least 1,000–1,500 people in the region, wiped out vegetation, buried the surrounding area with 2 metres (7 ft) of volcanic rock and damaged infrastructure and economic resources. The eruption had a significant impact on Earth's climate, causing a volcanic winter: temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere decreased; cold waves hit parts of Europe, Asia and the Americas; and the climate disruption may have played a role in the onset of the Little Ice Age. Floods, famines, and social upheavals resulted, including a probable link with the Russian Time of Troubles. This eruption has been computed to measure 6 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI).
The volcano has not erupted since 1600. There are fumaroles[b] in the amphitheatre-shaped structure, and hot springs occur in the region, some of which have been associated with Huaynaputina. The volcano lies in a remote region where there is little human activity, but about 30,000 people live in the immediately surrounding area, and another one million in the Arequipa metropolitan area. If an eruption similar to the 1600 event were to occur, it would quite likely lead to a high death toll and cause substantial socioeconomic disruption. The Peruvian Geophysical Institute announced in 2017 that Huaynaputina would be monitored by the Southern Volcanological Observatory, and seismic observation began in 2019.
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Huaynaputina (/ˌwaɪnəpʊˈtiːnə/ WY-nə-puu-TEE-nə; Spanish: [wajnapuˈtina]) is a volcano in a volcanic high plateau in southern Peru. Lying in the Central...
Central Volcanic Zone includes a number of volcanoes, some of which like Huaynaputina have had large eruptions and others such as Sabancaya and Ubinas have...
Retrieved 26 April 2018. Zijlstra, Albert (30 June 2017). "The winter of Huaynaputina". volcanocafe.org. Retrieved 9 February 2018. "A Look Inside Mount Merapi"...
(2019-12-18). "New insights into eruption source parameters of the 1600 CE Huaynaputina Plinian eruption, Peru". Bulletin of Volcanology. 82 (1): 7. Bibcode:2019BVol...
eruption of Mount Samalas in Lombok, Indonesia. The 1600 eruption of Huaynaputina in Peru. The 1667 and 1739 eruptions of Mount Tarumae in Hokkaido, Japan...
surface temperatures significantly. Sulfur dioxide from the eruption of Huaynaputina may have caused the Russian famine of 1601–1603. Chemical reactions of...
deposits; the last eruption occurred after the 1600 eruption of neighbouring Huaynaputina. The volcano is seismically active and features active hot springs and...
years substantial substantial Santorini (1620 BC), Lake Ilopango (450), Huaynaputina (1600), Krakatoa (1883), Santa Maria (1902), Novarupta (1912), Pinatubo...
cold winters in Switzerland and Baltic region after the eruption of Huaynaputina in Peru in 1600. 1607–1608: In North America, ice persisted on Lake Superior...
Eruptions linked to changes in climate include the 1600 eruption of Huaynaputina which was linked to the Russian famine of 1601–1603, leading to the deaths...
Sometimes chroniclers confused it with other volcanoes like Ubinas and Huaynaputina. Settlement of the region began about 1,500 years ago. It is unclear...
events surrounding the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 An eruption of Huaynaputina, in Peru, caused 1601 to be the coldest year in the Northern Hemisphere...
Northeast of New Guinea; 1660 ±20; VEI 6; 30 km3 (7.2 cu mi) of tephra Huaynaputina, Peru; 1600, February 19; VEI 6; 30 km3 (7.2 cu mi) of tephra Billy Mitchell...
tongue "imprisoned" after he refuses to stop talking. February 19 – The Huaynaputina volcano in Peru erupts, in what is still the worst recorded volcanic...
Samalas eruption Indonesia Ring of Fire 1257 40 7 −2.0 ?? 1600 eruption of Huaynaputina Peru Ring of Fire 1600 46 6 −0.8 01400≈1,400 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora...
eruptions have been recorded at seven Peruvian volcanoes: El Misti, Huaynaputina, Sabancaya, Ticsani, Tutupaca, Ubinas, and Yucamane. The volcanoes Ampato...
may have contributed to the cooling include Billy Mitchell (c. 1580), Huaynaputina (1600), Mount Parker (1641), Long Island (Papua New Guinea) (ca. 1660)...
father John III of Sweden in 1592. 1600 – The Peruvian stratovolcano Huaynaputina explodes in the most violent eruption in the recorded history of South...
including El Misti, Huaynaputina, Sabancaya and Ubinas. The largest historical eruption of the Andes took place at Huaynaputina. Other volcanoes in the...
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