Difference in a quantitative trait between heterozygous and homozygous genotypes
Not to be confused with Heterozygosity, or with Heterotic string theory.
See also: Heterozygote advantage
"Heterotic" redirects here. For the musical group Heterotic, see Mike Paradinas.
Time course imaging of two maize inbreds and their F1 hybrid (middle) exhibiting heterosis.
Heterosis, hybrid vigor, or outbreeding enhancement is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. An offspring is heterotic if its traits are enhanced as a result of mixing the genetic contributions of its parents. The heterotic offspring often has traits that are more than the simple addition of the parents' traits, and can be explained by Mendelian or non-Mendelian inheritance.[1] Typical heterotic/hybrid traits of interest in agriculture are higher yield, quicker maturity, stability, drought tolerance[2] etc.
^Schnable, Patrick S.; Springer, Nathan M. (2013-04-29). "Progress Toward Understanding Heterosis in Crop Plants". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 64 (1): 71–88. doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110-103827. ISSN 1543-5008. PMID 23394499.
also to gain brevity of expression I suggest … that the word 'heterosis' be adopted. Heterosis is often discussed as the opposite of inbreeding depression...
growth and yield characteristics in offspring through the phenomenon of heterosis ("hybrid vigour" or "combining ability"). Two populations of breeding...
has become very popular among herd managers using the breed in their heterosis programs for hybrid vigor. These cattle are a versatile breed and adapt...
“genetic complementation”, an effect also recognized as hybrid vigor or heterosis. Once outcrossing is established in a lineage of flowering plants due...
crossbreeding did the opposite. Those experiments proved the concept of heterosis. In the 1950s, geneticist J. C. Stephens and a few others hybridized two...
conducted by CIMMYT made use of a chemical hybridising agent to evaluate heterosis in hexaploid triticale hybrids. To select the most promising parents for...
uniformity, improved color, disease resistance. An important factor is the heterosis or combining ability of the parent plants. Crossing any particular pair...
donkey) out of a mare. Like the mule, the hinny displays hybrid vigour (heterosis).: 36 In general terms, in both these hybrids the foreparts and head...
still breed ligers for profit. Tigon Panthera hybrid Felid hybrid Leopon Heterosis "Liger cubs nursed by dog in China's Xixiakou Zoo". BBC News Asia-Pacific...
breeding. In 1908, George Harrison Shull described heterosis, also known as hybrid vigor. Heterosis describes the tendency of the progeny of a specific...
genetic health problems associated with inbreeding (based on the theory of heterosis), and have enthusiasts and defenders who prefer them to intentionally...
stage does not benefit from heterosis. This may be an indication that the sexual reproduction has advantages other than heterosis, such as genetic recombination...
the American Philosophical Society. He also described heterosis in maize in 1908 (the term heterosis was coined by Shull in 1914) and made a number of other...
of the genetic basis of heterosis in rice. This was a unique discovery because it had been previously thought that heterosis was not possible for self-pollinating...
Revolution. In 1908, George Harrison Shull described heterosis, also known as hybrid vigor. Heterosis describes the tendency of the progeny of a specific...
cross-fertilisation on progeny is also referred to as hybrid vigor or heterosis. Once flowers became established in a lineage as an evolutionary adaptation...
frequency of the i t h {\displaystyle i^{th}} allele at the target locus. Heterosis Heterozygote advantage Loss of heterozygosity Nucleotide diversity measures...
". GardenWeb. Retrieved 2010-07-20. Rai, Nagenda; Mathura Rai (2006). Heterosis Breeding in Vegetable Crops. New Delhi: New India Publishing Agency. p...
school performance in clinical trials when compared to placebo groups. Heterosis, or hybrid vigor associated with historical reductions of the levels of...
mapping. The field also includes studies of intragenomic phenomena such as heterosis, epistasis, pleiotropy and other interactions between loci and alleles...
are sterile. As they are a product of the hybrid genetic phenomenon of heterosis (hybrid vigor), they are larger and stronger than yak or cattle from the...
is usually one or more of the following reasons: to breed animals with heterosis, commonly known as "hybrid vigor", to create animals with more predictable...
genome of progeny. This beneficial effect is also known as hybrid vigor or heterosis. Once outcrossing is established, subsequent switching to inbreeding becomes...
of Brahman with cattle of European origin, which can also benefit from heterosis ('hybrid vigor').: 198 The Brahman is reared for the meat industry, particularly...
ISBN 0-313-33545-1. Davids, A. H. (2011). Estimation of genetic distances and heterosis in three ostrich (Struthio camelus) breeds for the improvement of productivity...
outcrossing (cross-fertilization) is also referred to as hybrid vigor or heterosis. Charles Darwin in his 1878 book The Effects of Cross and Self-Fertilization...
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