Medieval miniature depicting Henri de Mondeville, from an illuminated manuscript of La Chirurgie (14th century)[1]
Henri de Mondeville (c. 1260—1320) was a medieval French surgeon who made a significant number of contributions to anatomy and surgery, and was the first Frenchman to author a surgical treatise, La Chirurgie (1306-1320).[2] Very little is known about the details of his early life. There is some doubt about his birthplace as according to ancient Norman custom, his last name is derived from the place of birth, and is variously spelled as Amondeville, Esmondeville, Mandeville and so on.[3]
He pursued his medical studies in Montpellier and Paris, and he became a cleric and master in medicine and then went to Bologna as a cleric-physician to work with Theodoric Borgognoni,[4] who was one of the most prominent surgeons of the Medieval Period. Mondeville appreciated and used Borgognoni´s method of dressing wounds which was completely opposite to the practices at that time.[3]
Returning to France, he worked as a professor of anatomy and surgery at the University of Montpellier between 1301—1304.[3] He was appointed as a royal surgeon to King Philippe Le Bel (Philip the Fair) of France and he retained his position under Louis X, serving in military expeditions against the English. He also started to teach surgery at the medical schools in Paris in 1308 and settled permanently in 1312.[4] His royal duties ended after the death of Louis X in 1316. He carried on teaching and writing about surgery until his death around 1320 from what was believed to be tuberculosis.[4]
^"Miniature: Henri de Mondeville - Chirurgie de maitre Henri de Mondeville, chirurgien de Philippe le Bel, roi de France, composée de 1306 à 1320; traduction française... par E. Nicaise". Banque d'images et de portraits - Bibliothèques d'Université de Paris (in French). University of Paris. 2017. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
^Schmitz-Esser, Romedio (2013). "Embalming and Dissecting the Corpse between East and West: From ar-Razi to Henry de Mondeville". In Classen, Albrecht (ed.). East Meets West in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: Transcultural Experiences in the Premodern World. Fundamentals of Medieval and Early Modern Culture. Vol. 14. Berlin and Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 611–624. doi:10.1515/9783110321517.611. ISBN 9783110328783. ISSN 1864-3396.
^ abcGhosh, Sanjib K. (2015). "Henri de Mondeville (1260-1320): Medieval French Anatomist and Surgeon" (PDF). European Journal of Anatomy. 19 (3): 309–314.
^ abcVrebos, Jacques (February 2011). "Thoughts on a Neglected French Medieval Surgeon: Henri de Mondeville (ca. 1260-1320)". European Journal of Plastic Surgery. 34 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1007/s00238-010-0438-0.
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