1975 non-binding European and North American political agreement
For the set of principles on human experimentation, see Declaration of Helsinki.
Helsinki Final Act Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe Final Act
The front page of the Helsinki Accords
Host country
Finland
Date
30 July – 1 August 1975
Venue(s)
Finlandia Hall
Cities
Helsinki
Participants
Helmut Schmidt Erich Honecker Gerald Ford Bruno Kreisky Leo Tindemans Todor Zhivkov Pierre Trudeau Makarios III Anker Jørgensen Carlos Arias Navarro Urho Kekkonen Valéry Giscard d’Estaing Harold Wilson Konstantinos Karamanlis János Kádár Liam Cosgrave Geir Hallgrímsson Aldo Moro Walter Kieber Gaston Thorn Dom Mintoff André Saint-Mleux Trygve Bratteli Joop den Uyl Edward Gierek Francisco da Costa Gomes Nicolae Ceaușescu Gian Luigi Berti Agostino Casaroli Olof Palme Pierre Graber Gustáv Husák Süleyman Demirel Leonid Brezhnev Josip Broz Tito
Precedes
Paris Charter
Chancellor of Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) Helmut Schmidt, Chairman of the State Council of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) Erich Honecker, US president Gerald Ford and Austrian chancellor Bruno KreiskyFrom left is Kissinger, Brezhnev, Ford, and Gromyko outside of the American Embassy, Helsinki, Finland, 1975.
The Helsinki Final Act, also known as Helsinki Accords or Helsinki Declaration was the document signed at the closing meeting of the third phase of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE) held in Helsinki, Finland, between 30 July and 1 August 1975, following two years of negotiations known as the Helsinki Process.[1] All then-existing European countries except Andorra and Hoxhaist Albania, as well as the United States and Canada (altogether 35 participating states), signed the Final Act in an attempt to improve the détente between the East and the West. The Helsinki Accords, however, were not binding as they did not have treaty status that would have to be ratified by parliaments.[2] Sometimes the term "Helsinki pact(s)" was also used unofficially.[3]
The Helsinki Final Act, also known as HelsinkiAccords or Helsinki Declaration was the document signed at the closing meeting of the third phase of the...
former Soviet Union's compliance with the 1975 HelsinkiAccords. Expanding in size and scope, Helsinki Watch began using media coverage to document human-rights...
key foreign policy achievements was the signing of the HelsinkiAccords in 1975. The accords were a series of agreements between the US, Soviet Union...
was originally set up in 1976 to monitor Soviet compliance with the HelsinkiAccords and to report to the West on Soviet human rights abuses.: 414 It had...
the HelsinkiAccords. It was formerly organized into the International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (IHF), based in Vienna. The Helsinki Committees...
occurred in East Germany, Bulgaria and Albania in the late 1980s. The HelsinkiAccords of 1975 were an important Cold War-era agreement signed by most European...
against North Vietnam had ended with the Paris Peace Accords, signed on January 27, 1973. The accords declared a cease fire across both North and South Vietnam...
and human rights issues—later known as the “Helsinki process” or “HelsinkiAccords”. The HelsinkiAccords also established ten principles, the “Decalogue”...
as freedom of speech) conducted by Mikhail Gorbachev as part of the HelsinkiAccords are cited as one of the factors which led to the dissolution of the...
as the Ukrainian Public Group to Promote the Implementation of the HelsinkiAccords on Human Rights (Ukrainian: Українська громадська група сприяння виконанню...
corresponding curb on the powers of the president. Ford signed the HelsinkiAccords, which marked a move toward détente in the Cold War. With the collapse...
the HelsinkiAccords. It works to ensure that human rights are respected in practice. It was affiliated with the now defunct International Helsinki Federation...
culminating in the HelsinkiAccords signed at the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe in 1975. The HelsinkiAccords, in which the Soviets...
November 1990. The charter was established on the foundation of the HelsinkiAccords and was further amended in the 1999 Charter for European Security....
nine years in prison and internal exile for monitoring the Helsinki human rights accords, he was declared a prisoner of conscience by Amnesty International...
the agreements made in the Yalta and Potsdam conferences and by the Helsinkiaccords. They have also argued that in accordance to the internal Soviet laws...
Yalta and the July–August 1945 Potsdam conferences and by the 1975 HelsinkiAccords, which declared the inviolability of existing frontiers. However, Russia...
Russian and East European intellectuals who urged compliance with the Helsinkiaccords have been subjected to official repression. According to Soviet dissident...
photographs of Henry Kissinger reading a confidential document at the HelsinkiAccords. The images were so sharp that the text could be read clearly. The...
Soviet Union and organized a conference that led to the signing of the HelsinkiAccords after Nixon left office. When Nixon took office, the United States...
the Cold War. Additionally, as a result of negotiations during the HelsinkiAccords, Brezhnev succeeded in securing the legitimization of Soviet hegemony...
known as the U.S. Helsinki Commission. The Mission was established in 1975, shortly after the OSCE was created by the HelsinkiAccords. The Mission represents...
Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), which culminated in the signing of the HelsinkiAccords in 1975 and lead to the creation of the OSCE. Before 1940 Finland was...
in March 2022. In March 2023, he published Would You Believe...The HelsinkiAccords Changed the World?: Advancing Human Rights and, for Decades, Security...
Global Information
Finland
Helmut Schmidt
Erich Honecker
Gerald Ford
Bruno Kreisky
Leo Tindemans
Todor Zhivkov
Pierre Trudeau
Makarios III
Anker Jørgensen
Carlos Arias Navarro
Valéry Giscard d’Estaing
Harold Wilson
Konstantinos Karamanlis
János Kádár
Liam Cosgrave
Geir Hallgrímsson
Aldo Moro
Walter Kieber
Gaston Thorn
Dom Mintoff
André Saint-Mleux
Trygve Bratteli
Joop den Uyl
Edward Gierek
Francisco da Costa Gomes
Nicolae Ceaușescu
Gian Luigi Berti
Agostino Casaroli
Olof Palme
Pierre Graber
Gustáv Husák
Süleyman Demirel
Leonid Brezhnev
Josip Broz Tito
