Helladic chronology is a relative dating system used in archaeology and art history. It complements the Minoan chronology scheme devised by Sir Arthur Evans for the categorisation of Bronze Age artefacts from the Minoan civilization within a historical framework. Whereas Minoan chronology is specific to Crete, the cultural and geographical scope of Helladic chronology is confined to mainland Greece during the same timespan (c. 3200 – c. 1050 BC). Similarly, a Cycladic chronology system is used for artifacts found in the Aegean islands. Archaeological evidence has shown that, broadly, civilisation developed concurrently across the whole region and so the three schemes complement each other chronologically. They are grouped together as "Aegean" in terms such as Aegean art and, rather more controversially, Aegean civilization.
The systems derive primarily from changes in the style of pottery, which is a benchmark for relative dating of associated artifacts such as tools and weapons. On the basis of style and technique, Evans divided his Cretan Bronze Age pottery finds into three main periods which he called Early, Middle and Late Minoan. These were sub-divided into phases and some of those into sub-phases. The Helladic and Cycladic schemes were devised later and have similar sub-divisions. Evans' system has stood the test of time remarkably well but his labels do not provide firm dates because change is never constant and some styles were retained in use much longer than others. In fact it is partly this lack of dates that has been the strength of Evans’s system; several of the dates Evans believed have certainly changed, and others remain under discussion, though within fairly narrow ranges, but the scheme just adjusts for such changes. Some pottery can be dated with reasonable precision by reference to Egyptian artifacts whose dates are more certain.
Helladic society and culture have antecedents in Neolithic Greece when most settlements were small villages which subsisted by means of agriculture, farming and hunting. The gradual development of skills such as bronze metallurgy, monumental architecture and construction of fortifications brought about the transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age. The Late Helladic (c. 1550 – c. 1050 BC) is sometimes called the Mycenaean Age because Mycenae was then the dominant state in Greece. At the end of the Bronze Age (c. 1050 BC), Aegean culture went into a long period of decline, termed a Dark Age by some historians, as a result of invasion and war.
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Helladicchronology is a relative dating system used in archaeology and art history. It complements the Minoan chronology scheme devised by Sir Arthur...
serves as a roughly contemporary dating system to Helladicchronology (mainland Greece) and Minoan chronology (Crete) during the same period of time. Keros...
c. 2200 BC. In the Helladicchronology it was preceded by the Eutresis culture of c. 3200 – c. 2650 BC (also called Early Helladic I) and followed by...
at Mycenae can only be dated relatively within the constraints of Helladicchronology which relies on categorisation of stratified material objects, mainly...
Bronze Age culture in mainland Greece, also known as Early Helladic I in Helladicchronology. It was developed directly out of central and southern Greek...
Mycenaean chamber tombs originated in Messenia at the end of the Middle Helladic period (c. 1600 BCE), and were built and used throughout the Late Bronze...
and 'Helladic' culture in the Late Bronze Age. In their article, Wace and Blegen argued for the essential continuity of mainland-Greek, or 'Helladic', culture...
culture Starčevo culture Tisza culture Varna culture Vinča culture Helladicchronology Mycenaean Greece Neolithic Greece Old Europe Sesklo and Dimini fortifications...
Deposits from the Late Helladic III C Settlement at Aigeira/Achaia". In Deger-Jalkotzy, Sigrid; Zavadil, Michaela (eds.). LH III C Chronology and Synchronisms...
and copper were traded. Cycladic chronology Cypriot Bichrome ware HelladicchronologyHelladic period Minoan chronology Minyan ware Evans had devised this...
burials. The last phase of Middle Helladic, the Middle Helladic III (c. 1750–1675 BC), along with the Late Helladic (LH) period (c. 1700/1675–1050 BC)...
This is a chronology of ancient Greek mathematicians. Greek mathematics – Mathematics of Ancient Greeks List of Greek mathematicians Timeline of ancient...
mainland during the Early Helladic ("Minyan") period and with Crete in the Middle Minoan period. From c. 1450 BC (Late Helladic, Late Minoan), the Greek...
which are mainland, Aegean islands, and Crete. These are referred to as Helladic, Cycladic, and Minoan respectively. Although Crete is an island in the...
Minoan techniques and ceramic styles had varying degrees of influence on Helladic Greece. Along with Santorini, Minoan settlements are found at Kastri, Kythera...
1960, p. 78, OL 5812502M Glyn Davies; Roy Davies (2002). "Comparative Chronology of Money". Archived from the original on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 24...
of mainland Greece contemporary with Cycladic culture is known as the Helladic period. In recent decades the Cyclades have become popular with European...
located near the citadel of Mycenae, Greece. It was constructed in the Late Helladic IIA period, approximately 1510–1450 BCE, and rediscovered in the 19th century...
Wace and Blegen's theory of the long-term continuity of mainland Greek ("Helladic") culture, which contradicted the established scholarly view that Minoan...
Webb/D. Frankel, "Characterising the Philia facies. Material culture, chronology and the origins of the Bronze Age in Cyprus" in American Journal of archaeology...
XIII-VII) and Cernavodă III/Coțofeni. Ecsedy parallelises Baden with Early Helladic II in Thessaly, Parzinger with Sitagroi IV. Baden was approximately contemporaneous...
late/end Late Minoan IA (LM-IA) in the Crete chronology, late/end Late Helladic I (LH-I) in the mainland chronology, the contention is what Egyptian period...
Age early in the 2nd millennium. Aegean civilization Cycladic culture Helladic period Minoan civilization Mycenaean Greece Beaker culture Terramare culture...
Mazar, Amihai. "Iron Age Chronology: A Reply to I. Finkelstein". Levant 29 (1997): 157–167. Mazar, Amihai. "The Iron Age Chronology Debate: Is the Gap Narrowing...
on the History of Greece Neolithic Greece Pelasgians Greek Bronze Age Helladic Cycladic Minoan Mycenaean Greece 1750 BC–1050 BC Ancient Greece Greek Dark...
on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2017. Manuel, Mark (2010). "Chronology and Culture-History in the Indus Valley". In Gunawardhana, P.; Adikari...
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