Health outcomes for adults born prematurely information
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Preterm birth (<37 weeks), root cause of preterm birth often unknown
Frequency
10.66% - worldwide
Health outcomes for adults born prematurely are the long-term health effects for people who were born preterm, defined as being birthed at a gestational age of less than 37 weeks. It can be associated with and is often studied in the same group as low birth weight, but they are not the same, as preterms can also be large for gestational age. The consequences of prematurity result from various factors, including genetic predisposition, conditions during pregnancy and childbirth, the level of neonatal care received, and the home environment.[1] Due to advances in preterm survival rates, adults born preterm are an steadily increasing patient population, though they remain underperceived.[2]
Adults born preterm have higher all-cause mortality rates as compared to full-term adults. Premature birth is associated with a 1.2x to 1.6x increase in all-cause mortality rates during early to mid-adulthood. Those born extremely prematurely (22–27 weeks) have an even higher mortality rate of 1.9x to 4.0x.[3]
Preterms have increased risks of chronic disorders involving cardiovascular, endocrine/metabolic, respiratory, renal, neurodevelopmental, and psychiatric disorders.[4][5]
Effects of preterm birth do not disappear after age 2.[6] Despite appearing normal, preterm children may not physically "catch up" with full-term children.
^Kloosterboer, Sophia; Anolda Naber, Fabiënne Bertina; Heyman, Hiltje; Hoffmann-Haringsma, Angelique; Brunt, Tibor Markus (April 2024). "A Preliminary Study of Correlates of Premature Birth and Their Influence on Cortisol Levels in Young Children". Biological Research for Nursing. 26 (2): 240–247. doi:10.1177/10998004231209429. ISSN 1099-8004. PMC 10938487. PMID 37863478.
^Perez, Anna; Thiede, Luise; Lüdecke, Daniel; Ebenebe, Chinedu Ulrich; von dem Knesebeck, Olaf; Singer, Dominique (2020). "Lost in Transition: Health Care Experiences of Adults Born Very Preterm—A Qualitative Approach". Frontiers in Public Health. 8. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.605149. ISSN 2296-2565. PMC 7793891. PMID 33425841.
^Crump, Casey (June 2020). "Preterm Birth and Mortality in Adulthood: A Systematic Review". Journal of Perinatology. 40 (6): 833–843. doi:10.1038/s41372-019-0563-y. PMC 7246174. PMID 31767981.
^Crump, Casey (November 2020). "An overview of adult health outcomes after preterm birth". Early Human Development. 150: 105187. doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105187. PMC 7480736. PMID 32948365.
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