English geographer, academic and politician, 1861–1947
"Mackinder" redirects here. For the Labour Party politician, see William Mackinder.
The Right Honourable
Sir Halford Mackinder
Member of Parliament for Glasgow Camlachie
In office 15 January 1910 – 15 November 1922
Preceded by
Alexander Cross
Succeeded by
Campbell Stephen
Personal details
Born
Halford John Mackinder
(1861-02-15)15 February 1861 Gainsborough, England
Died
6 March 1947(1947-03-06) (aged 86)
Political party
Conservative
Alma mater
Christ Church, Oxford
Known for
"The Geographical Pivot of History"
Awards
Charles P. Daly Medal (1943)
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Sir Halford John Mackinder (15 February 1861 – 6 March 1947) was a British geographer, academic and politician, who is regarded as one of the founding fathers of both geopolitics[1] and geostrategy. He was the first Principal of University Extension College, Reading (which became the University of Reading) from 1892 to 1903, and Director of the London School of Economics from 1903 to 1908. While continuing his academic career part-time, he was also the Conservative and Unionist Member of Parliament for Glasgow Camlachie from 1910 to 1922. From 1923, he was Professor of Geography at the London School of Economics.
^Crean, Jeffrey (2024). The Fear of Chinese Power: an International History. New Approaches to International History series. London, UK: Bloomsbury Academic. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-350-23394-2.
Sir Halford John Mackinder (15 February 1861 – 6 March 1947) was a British geographer, academic and politician, who is regarded as one of the founding...
The HalfordMackinder Professor of Geography established in 1971 is located at St Peter's College of the University of Oxford. The post is named after...
Halford may refer to: Halford, Shropshire, England Halford, Warwickshire, England Halford Island, Nunavut, Canada Halford (surname) HalfordMackinder...
concepts and it figures prominently in the commentaries on the ideas of HalfordMackinder. As Zbigniew Brzezinski observed on Eurasia: "... how America 'manages'...
submitted by Halford John Mackinder in 1904 to the Royal Geographical Society that advances his heartland theory. In this article, Mackinder extended the...
Russia, regardless of who governs it, sits astride the territory which HalfordMackinder called the geopolitical heartland, and it is the heir to one of the...
with large, abstract spaces", drawing parallels with the work of HalfordMackinder, who conceptualised Eurasia as a 'pivot area' surrounded by an 'inner...
international relations, standing in the geopolitical tradition of HalfordMackinder and Nicholas J. Spykman, while elements of liberal idealism have also...
and HalfordMackinder of Britain also supported imperialism.: 117 Ratzel believed expansion was necessary for a state's survival while Mackinder supported...
Anglo-American school, and a German school. Alfred Thayer Mahan and Halford J. Mackinder outlined the American and British conceptions of geostrategy, respectively...
Sir HalfordMackinder, Democratic Ideals and Reality: A Study in the Politics of Reconstruction (1919), p. 186. Sloan, G.R. "Sir HalfordMackinder: The...
(1864–1922), Alfred Thayer Mahan (1840–1914), Homer Lea (1876–1912), HalfordMackinder (1861–1947) and Karl Haushofer (1869–1946). The ideology of Adolf...
reached it in the following years. It was first climbed in 1899 by HalfordMackinder. The mountain became a national park in 1949, played a key role in...
represents the Bush Doctrine. Experts on geopolitical strategy note that HalfordMackinder's theories in "The Geographical Pivot of History" about the "Heartland"...
Directors (old) Years Name 1895–1903 William Hewins 1903–1908 Sir HalfordMackinder 1908–1919 The Hon. William Pember Reeves 1919–1937 Lord Beveridge...
primary originator of modern geographic information systems. Sir HalfordMackinder (1861–1947) – co-founder of the LSE, Geographical Association. Strabo...
Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (1973–1987, and 1993–2001) HalfordMackinder Professor of Geography, University of Oxford (1987–1993) Distinguished...
Alexander Humboldt, Karl Ritter, Friedrich Ratzel, Rudolf Kjellén, and Halford J. Mackinder. Geopolitik contributed to Nazi foreign policy chiefly in the strategy...
expansion of the German Third Reich in the 1930s. The British geographer HalfordMackinder was also heavily influenced by environmental determinism and in developing...
attempted to reach the mountain. According to English geographer HalfordMackinder and English explorer Harry Johnston, Rebmann in 1848 was the first...
part of Europe. Since then, many modern analytical geographers like HalfordMackinder have declared that they see little validity in the Ural Mountains...
of Oxford, where he had learnt much from the eminent geographer, HalfordMackinder. In 1888, aged only 21, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society...
January 1968) is a British social geographer. Since 2013, he has been HalfordMackinder Professor of Geography of the School of Geography and the Environment...
is also part of "the great pivot" as per the Heartland Theory of HalfordMackinder, which says that the power which controls Central Asia—richly endowed...
world c. 1900. Two famous contemporary observers—Frederick Turner and HalfordMackinder described the event and drew implications, the former predicting American...
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