Heinzendorf bei Odrau (Hynčice), Silesia, Austrian Empire
Died
6 January 1884(1884-01-06) (aged 61)
Brno, Moravia, Austria-Hungary
Nationality
Austrian
Alma mater
University of Olomouc University of Vienna
Known for
Founder of the modern science of genetics
Scientific career
Fields
Genetics
Institutions
St Thomas's Abbey, Brno
Ecclesiastical career
Religion
Christianity
Church
Catholic Church
Ordained
25 December 1846[1]
Part of a series on
Genetics
Key components
Chromosome
DNA
RNA
Genome
Heredity
Nucleotide
Mutation
Genetic variation
Allele
Amino acid
Outline
Index
History and topics
Introduction
History
Evolution (molecular)
Population genetics
Mendelian inheritance
Quantitative genetics
Molecular genetics
Research
Geneticist
DNA sequencing
Genetic engineering
Genomics ( template)
Medical genetics
Branches of genetics
Fields
Classical
Conservation
Cytogenetics
Ecological
Immunogenetics
Microbial
Molecular
Population
Quantitative
Personalized medicine
Personalized medicine
Category
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Gregor Johann Mendel OSA (/ˈmɛndəl/; Czech: Řehoř Jan Mendel;[2] 20 July 1822[3] – 6 January 1884) was an Austrian-Czech[4] biologist, meteorologist,[5] mathematician, Augustinian friar and abbot of St. Thomas' Abbey in Brno (Brünn), Margraviate of Moravia. Mendel was born in a German-speaking family in the Silesian part of the Austrian Empire (today's Czech Republic) and gained posthumous recognition as the founder of the modern science of genetics.[6] Though farmers had known for millennia that crossbreeding of animals and plants could favor certain desirable traits, Mendel's pea plant experiments conducted between 1856 and 1863 established many of the rules of heredity, now referred to as the laws of Mendelian inheritance.[7]
Mendel worked with seven characteristics of pea plants: plant height, pod shape and color, seed shape and color, and flower position and color. Taking seed color as an example, Mendel showed that when a true-breeding yellow pea and a true-breeding green pea were cross-bred their offspring always produced yellow seeds. However, in the next generation, the green peas reappeared at a ratio of 1 green to 3 yellow. To explain this phenomenon, Mendel coined the terms "recessive" and "dominant" in reference to certain traits. In the preceding example, the green trait, which seems to have vanished in the first filial generation, is recessive and the yellow is dominant. He published his work in 1866, demonstrating the actions of invisible "factors"—now called genes—in predictably determining the traits of an organism.
The profound significance of Mendel's work was not recognized until the turn of the 20th century (more than three decades later) with the rediscovery of his laws. Erich von Tschermak, Hugo de Vries and Carl Correns independently verified several of Mendel's experimental findings in 1900, ushering in the modern age of genetics.[8][9]
^Fr. Richter, Clemens OSA (2015). "Remembering Johann Gregor Mendel: a human, a Catholic priest, an Augustinian monk, and abbot". Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine. 3 (6): 483–485. doi:10.1002/mgg3.186. PMC 4694133. PMID 26740939.
^Funeral card in Czech (Brno, 6. January 1884)
^20 July is his birthday; often mentioned is 22 July, the date of his baptism. "CV". Mendel Museum. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019.
^De Castro, Mauricio (January 2016). "Johann Gregor Mendel: paragon of experimental science". Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine. 4 (1): 3–8. doi:10.1002/mgg3.199. PMC 4707027. PMID 26788542. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024 – via PMC.
^Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 50, 2014 (2): 43–51
^Klein, Jan; Klein, Norman (2013). Solitude of a Humble Genius – Gregor Johann Mendel. Volume 1, Formative years. Berlin: Springer. pp. 91–103. ISBN 978-3-642-35254-6. OCLC 857364787.
^Schacherer, Joseph (2016). "Beyond the simplicity of Mendelian inheritance". Comptes Rendus Biologies. 339 (7–8): 284–288. doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2016.04.006. PMID 27344551.
^Gayon, Jean (2016). "From Mendel to epigenetics: History of genetics". Comptes Rendus Biologies. 339 (7–8): 225–230. doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2016.05.009. PMID 27263362.
^Corcos, Alain F.; Monaghan, Floyd V. (1990). "Mendel's work and its rediscovery: A new perspective". Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences. 9 (3): 197–212. doi:10.1080/07352689009382287.
Gregor Johann Mendel OSA (/ˈmɛndəl/; Czech: Řehoř Jan Mendel; 20 July 1822 – 6 January 1884) was an Austrian-Czech biologist, meteorologist, mathematician...
Nathan Gregor Mendel (born December 2, 1968) is an American musician best known as the bass guitarist for the rock band Foo Fighters, as well as a former...
inheritance (also known as Mendelism) is a type of biological inheritance following the principles originally proposed by GregorMendel in 1865 and 1866, re-discovered...
Mendel may refer to: Mendel (name), includes a list of people with the name GregorMendel (1822–1884), the "father of modern genetics" Mendel (Hungarian...
evolution. GregorMendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar working in the 19th century in Brno, was the first to study genetics scientifically. Mendel studied...
This predicted 3:1 phenotypic ratio assumes Mendelian inheritance. GregorMendel (1822–1884) was an Austrian monk who theorized basic rules of inheritance...
others. Modern genetics began with the work of the Augustinian friar Gregor Johann Mendel. His works on pea plants, published in 1866, provided the initial...
inheritance, a fundamental concept in genetics which is discovery of GregorMendel. For multiple traits, using the "forked-line method" is typically much...
controlled by two distinct genes. The idea of a dihybrid cross came from GregorMendel when he observed pea plants that were either yellow or green and either...
Mendelian genetics theorists, such as William Bateson, Ronald Fisher or GregorMendel himself, showing that phenotypic traits can be passed from generation...
The GregorMendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI) is a basic research institute in Vienna, Austria. It was founded in 2000 by the Austrian...
one of the first to recognize the overall importance of GregorMendel's work. He cited Mendel's 1865 and 1869 papers in the bibliography that accompanied...
traits, such as different pigmentation. A notable example of this is GregorMendel's discovery that the white and purple flower colors in pea plants were...
Pflanzen-Hybriden") is a seminal paper written in 1865 and published in 1866 by GregorMendel, an Augustinian friar considered to be the founder of modern genetics...
garden: the lost and found genius of GregorMendel, the father of genetics. pp. 134–138. Miko, Ilona (2008). "GregorMendel's principles of inheritance form...
Carl Linnaeus, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, Robert Hooke, Charles Darwin, GregorMendel and many others. The study of animals has largely moved on to deal with...
His maternal grandfather was the botanist, Eduard Fenzl, who taught GregorMendel botany during his student days in Vienna. He received his doctorate...
The existence of discrete inheritable units was first suggested by GregorMendel (1822–1884). From 1857 to 1864, in Brno, Austrian Empire (today's Czech...
acknowledgment of GregorMendel's earlier paper on that subject. Correns was a student of Karl Nägeli, a renowned botanist with whom Mendel corresponded about...
Doppler, along with Franz Unger, influenced the development of young GregorMendel, the founding father of genetics, who was a student at the University...
seed's cotyledon. There are green and yellow varieties of split pea. GregorMendel studied the inheritance of seed colour in peas; the green phenotype...
genetics, going back to the experiments on Mendelian inheritance by GregorMendel who made it possible to identify the basic mechanisms of heredity. Subsequently...
areas. The discoverer of genetics was GregorMendel, a late 19th-century scientist and Augustinian friar. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns...
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