For the international agreement about spelling rules among most German-speaking countries, see German orthography reform of 1996.
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This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
German orthography is the orthography used in writing the German language, which is largely phonemic. However, it shows many instances of spellings that are historic or analogous to other spellings rather than phonemic. The pronunciation of almost every word can be derived from its spelling once the spelling rules are known, but the opposite is not generally the case.
Today, Standard High German orthography is regulated by the Rat für deutsche Rechtschreibung (Council for German Orthography), composed of representatives from most German-speaking countries.
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IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. Germanorthography is the orthography used in writing the German language, which is largely phonemic. However...
The Germanorthography reform of 1996 (Reform der deutschen Rechtschreibung von 1996) was a change to German spelling and punctuation that was intended...
the German-speaking countries have met every year, and the Council for GermanOrthography has been the main international body regulating German orthography...
Rechtschreibung (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaːt fyːɐ̯ ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʁɛçtˌʃʁaɪbʊŋ], "Council for GermanOrthography" or "Council for German Spelling"), or RdR...
The planned German spelling reform of 1944 was a failed attempt to amend Germanorthography. Although one million copies of the new rules were printed...
is published by the Council for GermanOrthography which represents the governments of all majority and minority German-speaking countries and dependencies...
is used. GermanorthographyGerman braille Lexikon A—Z in zwei Bänden; Volkseigener Verlag, Leipzig, 1956—1957 (in German) official German spelling rules...
English ⟨sc⟩ digraph. Similarly, Old High German ⟨sc⟩ was replaced by ⟨sch⟩ in Early Modern High Germanorthography. The minuscule form ſ, called the long...
see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. A phonemic orthography is an orthography (system for writing a language) in which the graphemes (written...
have undergone such reforms. Recent high-profile examples are the Germanorthography reform of 1996 and the on-off Portuguese spelling reform of 1990,...
An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, hyphenation, capitalization, word boundaries, emphasis, and...
Estonian orthography is the system used for writing the Estonian language and is based on the Latin alphabet. The Estonian orthography is generally guided...
Latvian orthography historically used a system based upon German phonetic principles, while the Latgalian dialect was written using Polish orthographic principles...
of German dialects. While the spelling of German is officially standardised by an international organisation (the Council for GermanOrthography) the...
German speakers History of German Old High German Middle High German New High German Early New High German Standard German Duden GermanOrthographic Conference...
Czech orthography is a system of rules for proper formal writing (orthography) in Czech. The earliest form of separate Latin script specifically designed...
large, used an ad hoc orthography based on Latin and Middle Low Germanorthography. Some influences of the standard Germanorthography – for example, writing...
the Council for GermanOrthography and are referred to as the German Sprachraum (German language area). Since 2004, Meetings of German-speaking countries...
pronunciation of ⟨v⟩ is one of the few cases of ambiguity in Germanorthography. The German language normally uses ⟨f⟩ to indicate the sound /f/ (as used...
"Alsatian German"; Lorraine Franconian: Elsässerdeitsch; French: Alsacien; German: Elsässisch or Elsässerdeutsch) is the group of Alemannic German dialects...
and eighteenth centuries reformulated on the models of French and Germanorthography. The IPA transcription attempts to reflect vowel reduction when not...
deutsche Rechtschreibung (English: The Germanorthography), has long been the prescriptive source for Standard High German spelling. The Duden has become the...
it mostly represents a vowel and seldom a consonant, and in other orthographies it may represent a vowel or a consonant. In Latin, Y was named I graeca...
The GermanOrthographic Conference of 1901 (the Berlin II Orthographic Conference; German: Zweite Orthographische Konferenz or II. Orthographische Konferenz)...
Kurrent (German: [kʊˈʁɛnt]) is an old form of German-language handwriting based on late medieval cursive writing, also known as Kurrentschrift ("cursive...
maryánska muzyka" by old orthography) Front page of Gustav Vasa's Bible from 1541, printed using Fraktur Polish alphabet, 16th century German alphabet from an...
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