The familiar study of jet aircraft treats jet thrust with a "black box" description which only looks at what goes into the jet engine, air and fuel, and what comes out, exhaust gas and an unbalanced force. This force, called thrust, is the sum of the momentum difference between entry and exit and any unbalanced pressure force between entry and exit, as explained in "Thrust calculation".
As an example, an early turbojet, the Bristol Olympus Mk. 101, had a momentum thrust of 9300 lb. and a pressure thrust of 1800 lb. giving a total of 11,100 lb.[1] Looking inside the "black box" shows that the thrust results from all the unbalanced momentum and pressure forces created within the engine itself.[2] These forces, some forwards and some rearwards, are across all the internal parts, both stationary and rotating, such as ducts, compressors, etc., which are in the primary gas flow which flows through the engine from front to rear. The algebraic sum of all these forces is delivered to the airframe for propulsion.[3] "Flight" gives examples of these internal forces for two early jet engines, the Rolls-Royce Avon Ra.14[4] and the de Havilland Goblin[5]
^"The Avro Type 698 Vulcan" David W. Fildes, Pen & Sword Aviation 2012, ISBN 978 1 84884 284 7, p.301, Gas Floow Diagram
^The Aircraft Gas Turbine and its operation December 1982, P&W Oper. Instr. 200, United Technologies Pratt & Whitney
^Jet Propulsion For Aerospace Applications" Second Edition 1964, Pitman Publishing Corp., Library of Congress Catalog card Number 64-18757, p.262
^"flight - flight pdf - pdf archive - 1957 - 1484 - Flight Archive".
treats jet thrust with a "black box" description which only looks at what goes into the jet engine, air and fuel, and what comes out, exhaust gas and an unbalanced...
A jet engine is a type of reaction engine, discharging a fast-moving jet of heated gas (usually air) that generates thrust by jet propulsion. While this...
gasturbineengine compressors provide the compression part of the gasturbineengine thermodynamic cycle. There are three basic categories of gas turbine...
of a gasturbineengine which achieves mechanical energy from combustion, and a ducted fan that uses the mechanical energy from the gasturbine to force...
A jet engine performs by converting fuel into thrust. How well it performs is an indication of what proportion of its fuel goes to waste. It transfers...
— (mainly military) Produces extra thrust by burning fuel in the jetpipe. This reheating of the turbine exhaust gas raises the propelling nozzle entry...
airbreathing jet engine which is typically used in aircraft. It consists of a gasturbine with a propelling nozzle. The gasturbine has an air inlet which...
"after") the turbine, "reheating" the exhaust gas. Afterburning significantly increases thrust as an alternative to using a bigger engine with its attendant...
turboshaft engine is a form of gasturbine that is optimized to produce shaft horsepower rather than jet thrust. In concept, turboshaft engines are very...
electric generator. The gases are then exhausted from the turbine. In contrast to a turbojet or turbofan, the engine's exhaust gases do not provide enough...
propeller, the propelling jet of a jet engine, or by ejecting hot gases from a rocket engine. Reverse thrust can be generated to aid braking after landing...
rotates a turbine rotor. Each turbine disc has many blades. As such they are used in gasturbineengines and steam turbines. The blades are responsible...
other turbineengines can fail, like ground-based turbines used in power plants or combined diesel and gas vessels and vehicles. Turbineengines in use...
produce most of the thrust. Turbofans are closely related to turboprops in principle because both transfer some of the gasturbine'sgas power, using extra...
achievements of GasTurbine Research Establishment include: Design and development of India's "first centrifugal type 10 kN thrustengine" between 1959-61...
are referred to as powered flight. Most aircraft engines are either piston engines or gasturbines, although a few have been rocket powered and in recent...
a working gas into propulsive force; it is the nozzle, which forms a jet, that separates a gasturbine, or gas generator, from a jet engine. Propelling...
by two-stroke or four-stroke diesel engines, outboard motors, and gasturbineengines on faster ships. Marine nuclear reactors, which appeared in the 1950s...
detonation combustion. It is a turbine-based combined-cycle engine that incorporates a gasturbine; rotating detonation engine; ramjet; scramjet. In the late...
A combustor is a component or area of a gasturbine, ramjet, or scramjet engine where combustion takes place. It is also known as a burner, burner can...
rocket engine (RDRE). This engine produced 4,000 lbf (18 kN) of thrust. NASA has stated their intention to create a 10,000-pound-force (44 kN) thrust unit...
aerospike. The purpose of any engine bell is to direct the exhaust of a rocket engine in one direction, generating thrust in the opposite direction. The...
Thrust reversal, also called reverse thrust, is the temporary diversion of an aircraft engine'sthrust for it to act against the forward travel of the...
Global Information