A gastrointestinal cocktail, (also known as a GI cocktail or gastric cocktail), is a mixture of medications used to treat symptoms of dyspepsia.[1] The GI cocktail generally contains a mixture of viscous lidocaine, an antacid, and an anticholinergic.[1][2] The GI cocktail is commonly prescribed in the hospital or emergency department, and has been used to help distinguish chest pain as either gastrointestinal or cardiac.[1] While it has been widely used in the treatment of dyspepsia, studies have suggested that the GI cocktail is only as effective as antacids alone.[1]
The "GI cocktail" does not refer to a specific product. Rather, it refers to a mixture of viscous lidocaine, an antacid, and an anticholinergic.[1][2] Viscous lidocaine works as an anesthetic to numb pain in the throat, esophagus, and stomach. Antacids work to neutralize stomach acid. Anticholinergics work to ease symptoms that accompany dyspepsia including nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramping.
^ abcdeBerman DA, Porter RS, Graber M (October 2003). "The GI Cocktail is no more effective than plain liquid antacid: a randomized, double blind clinical trial". The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 25 (3): 239–244. doi:10.1016/S0736-4679(03)00196-3. PMID 14585449.
^ abWarren J, Cooper B, Jermakoff A, Knott JC (September 2020). "Antacid Monotherapy Is More Effective in Relieving Epigastric Pain Than in Combination With Lidocaine: A Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial". Academic Emergency Medicine. 27 (9): 905–909. doi:10.1111/acem.14069. hdl:11343/276044. PMID 32602148. S2CID 220269999.
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