Over- or under-abundance of guanine and cytosine in a particular region of DNA or RNA
Indication of the origin and terminus of DNA replication on a GC skew and cumulative GC skew plot.Richness of G over T in the leading strand, resulting in a GC skew sign at the origin and terminus.
GC skew is when the nucleotides guanine and cytosine are over- or under-abundant in a particular region of DNA or RNA. GC skew is also a statistical method for measuring strand-specific guanine overrepresentation.[1]
In equilibrium conditions (without mutational or selective pressure and with nucleotides randomly distributed within the genome) there is an equal frequency of the four DNA bases (adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine) on both single strands of a DNA molecule.[2] However, in most bacteria (e.g. E. coli) and some archaea (e.g. Sulfolobus solfataricus), nucleotide compositions are asymmetric between the leading strand and the lagging strand: the leading strand contains more guanine (G) and thymine (T), whereas the lagging strand contains more adenine (A) and cytosine (C).[2] This phenomenon is referred to as GC and AT skew and the corresponding statistics were defined[2] as:
GC skew = (G - C)/(G + C)
AT skew = (A − T)/(A + T)
^Kennedy, Sean P.; Ng, Wailap Victor; Salzberg, Steven L.; Hood, Leroy; DasSarma, Shiladitya (2001-10-01). "Understanding the Adaptation of Halobacterium Species NRC-1 to Its Extreme Environment through Computational Analysis of Its Genome Sequence". Genome Research. 11 (10): 1641–1650. doi:10.1101/gr.190201. ISSN 1088-9051. PMC 311145. PMID 11591641.
^ abcCite error: The named reference refname1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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