Revolutionary group in British Hong Kong (1892-95)
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Furen Literary Society
Pak Tsz Lane, the original site of the Furen Literary Society, is now the 8th spot of the Dr Sun Yat-sen Historical Trail
Traditional Chinese
輔仁文社
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Fǔ rén wén shè
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization
Fuh yàhn màhn séh
Jyutping
Fu6 jan4 man4 se5
The Furen Literary Society, also known as the Chinese Patriotic Mutual Improvement Association, or the 'Furen Cultural Society Restoration Association (Foo Yan Man Ser Kwong Fook Hui)', was founded in Colonial Hong Kong in 1892.
It was founded by Yeung Ku-wan, together with Tse Tsan-tai and others, with Yeung as their leader. The guiding principles of the society were: "Open up the people's minds" (Chinese: 開通民智) and "Ducit Amor Patriae" (盡心愛國; 'Love your country with all your heart'). Other tenets were:
To purify the character in the highest possible degree
To prohibit indulgences in the vices of the world
To set an example for future young Chinese
To improve in all possible ways Chinese and foreign knowledge both in a civil and a military point of view
To obtain a good knowledge of western science and learning: and
To learn how to be and act as a patriot and how to wipe out the unjust wrong our country has suffered.
The society met in Pak Tsz Lane, Central, Hong Kong.
In November 1894, Sun Yat-sen founded the Revive China Society in Honolulu, Hawaii, and, in 1895, the Furen Literary Society was merged into the Hong Kong chapter of the Revive China Society, with help from Yau Lit. Yeung Kui-wan and Sun became respectively President and Secretary of the Revive China Society.
A memorial park (Pak Tsz Lane Park) to the early revolutionists of the Furen Literary was opened in May, 2011 - just in time for the centenary anniversary of the Xinhai Revolution, which realised the dreams of the members of the Furen Literary Society.
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Clay Scholar [ Ni shusheng (泥書生)] 165. The Lady of the Soil God [ Tudi furen (土地夫人)] 166. Lotus flowers in midwinter [ Hanyue fuqu (寒月芙蕖)] 167. Madness...
Montale's Motteti: Poems of Love (1990) The Madness of Hercules (Hercules Furens) (2023) Nosferatu (2001) Tony Caruso's Last Broadcast (2005) The Three Feathers...
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