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Frankfurt National Assembly
Frankfurter Nationalversammlung
German Empire
Imperial Coat of arms
History
Founded
18 May 1848 (1848-05-18)
Disbanded
30 May 1849 (1849-05-30)
Preceded by
Federal Convention
Succeeded by
Federal Convention
Leadership
President
Frederich Lang (first) Wilhelm Loewe (last)
Prime Minister
Karl zu Leiningen (first) August Ludwig zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg [de](last)
Elections
First election
1848
Meeting place
St. Paul's Church, Frankfurt am Main
Stuttgart (rump parliament)
Constitution
Frankfurt Constitution
The Frankfurt Parliament (German: Frankfurter Nationalversammlung, literally Frankfurt National Assembly) was the first freely elected parliament for all German states, including the German-populated areas of the Austrian Empire,[1] elected on 1 May 1848 (see German federal election, 1848).[2]
The session was held from 18 May 1848 to 30 May 1849 in the Paulskirche at Frankfurt am Main.[3] Its existence was both part of and the result of the "March Revolution" within the states of the German Confederation.
After long and controversial debates, the assembly produced the so-called Frankfurt Constitution (Paulskirchenverfassung or St. Paul's Church Constitution, officially the Verfassung des Deutschen Reiches) which proclaimed a German Empire based on the principles of parliamentary democracy. This constitution fulfilled the main demands of the liberal and nationalist movements of the Vormärz and provided a foundation of basic rights, both of which stood in opposition to Metternich's system of Restoration. The parliament also proposed a constitutional monarchy headed by a hereditary emperor (Kaiser).
The Prussian king Frederick William IV refused to accept the office of "Emperor of the Germans" when it was offered to him on the grounds that such a constitution and such an offer were an abridgment of the rights of the princes of the individual German states. In the 20th century, however, major elements of the Frankfurt constitution became models for the Weimar Constitution of 1919 and the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany of 1949.
^Karl Obermann: Die Wahlen zur Frankfurter Nationalversammlung im Frühjahr 1848. Die Wahlvorgänge in den Staaten des Deutschen Bundes im Spiegel zeitgenössischer Quellen. Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1985, ISBN 978-3-326-00142-5
^Carr, William (1979) [1969]. A History of Germany 1815–1945. London: Edward Arnold. pp. 46–48. ISBN 978-0-7131-5433-7.
^Schulze, Hagen (1998). Germany: A New History. Harvard University Press. p. 125. ISBN 978-0-674-00545-7.
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