Anthem:Bayerische Königshymne(German)[2] "Bavarian Royal Hymn"
The Kingdom of Bavaria in 1914, as part of the German Empire
Status
Electorate of the Holy Roman Empire (1806)
State of the Confederation of the Rhine (1806–13)
State of the German Confederation (1815–66)
Federal State of the German Empire (1871–1918)
Capital
and largest city
Munich
Common languages
Bavarian, Upper German dialects
Religion
Majority: Roman Catholicism
Minorities:
Protestantism (Lutheranism and Calvinism), Judaism
Government
Constitutional monarchy
King
• 1806–1825
Maximilian I Joseph
• 1825–1848
Ludwig I
• 1848–1864
Maximilian II
• 1864–1886
Ludwig II
• 1886–1913
Otto
• 1913–1918
Ludwig III
Prince Regent
• 1886–1912
Luitpold
• 1912–1913
Ludwig
Minister-President
• 1806–1817
Maximilian von Montgelas
• 1912–1917
Georg von Hertling
• 1917–1918
Otto Ritter von Dandl
Legislature
Landtag
• Upper Chamber
House of Councillors
• Lower Chamber
House of Representatives
Historical era
Napoleonic Wars Franco-Prussian War World War I
• Proclamation of the kingdom
1 January 1806
• Established
26 December 1806
• Treaty of Ried
8 October 1813
• Treaty of Paris
30 May 1814
• Unification of Germany
18 January 1871
• German Revolution
9 November 1918
• Anif declaration
12 November 1918
Area
1910[3]
75,865 km2 (29,292 sq mi)
Population
• 1910[3]
6,524,372
Currency
Bavarian gulden (1806–1873)
German gold mark (1873–1914)
German Papiermark (1914–1918)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Electorate of Bavaria
Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
Imperial County of Ortenburg
People's State of Bavaria
Bavarian Soviet Republic
Today part of
Germany
The Kingdom of Bavaria (German: Königreich Bayern; Bavarian: Kinereich Bayern; spelled Baiern until 1825) was a German state that succeeded the former Electorate of Bavaria in 1806 and continued to exist until 1918. With the unification of Germany into the German Empire in 1871, the kingdom became a federated state of the new empire and was second in size, power, and wealth only to the leading state, the Kingdom of Prussia.[4]
The polity's foundation dates back to the ascension of Elector Maximilian IV Joseph of the House of Wittelsbach as King of Bavaria in 1806. The crown continued to be held by the Wittelsbachs until the kingdom came to an end in 1918. Most of the border of modern Germany's Free State of Bavaria were established after 1814 with the Treaty of Paris, in which the Kingdom of Bavaria ceded Tyrol and Vorarlberg to the Austrian Empire while receiving Aschaffenburg and Würzburg.
In 1918, Bavaria became a republic after the German Revolution, and the kingdom was thus succeeded by the current Free State of Bavaria.
^Joost Augusteijn, Storm. H. J., Region and State in Nineteenth-Century Europe: Nation-Building, Regional Identities and Separatism, Palgrave Macmillan, 2012, p. 102.
^Otto Boehm (1901), Die Volkshymnen aller Staaten des deutschen Reiches. Beiträge zu einer Geschichte über ihre Entstehung und Verbreitung, Wismar, p. 38, retrieved 15 July 2022{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ abCite error: The named reference Statistics was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Bavaria Becomes a Kingdom". www.museum.bayern. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
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