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Series of images demonstrating a six-image focus bracket of a Tachinid fly. First two images illustrate typical DOF of a single image at f/10 while the third image is the composite of six images.Focus stacking (for extended depth of field) in bright field light microscopy. This example is of a diatom microfossil in diatomaceous earth. Three source images at different focus distances (top left) are combined with masks (top right) to obtain the contributions of their respective images to the final focus stacked image (bottom). Black is no contribution; white is full.
Focus stacking (also known as focal plane merging and z-stacking[1] or focus blending) is a digital image processing technique which combines multiple images taken at different focus distances to give a resulting image with a greater depth of field (DOF) than any of the individual source images.[2][3] Focus stacking can be used in any situation where individual images have a very shallow depth of field; macro photography and optical microscopy are two typical examples. Focus stacking can also be useful in landscape photography.
Focus stacking offers flexibility: since it is a computational technique, images with several different depths of field can be generated in post-processing and compared for best artistic merit or scientific clarity. Focus stacking also allows generation of images physically impossible with normal imaging equipment; images with nonplanar focus regions can be generated. Alternative techniques for generating images with increased or flexible depth of field include wavefront coding, light-field cameras and tilt.
^"Malin Space Science Systems - Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) Instrument Description". Msss.com. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
^Johnson, Dave (2008). How to Do Everything: Digital Camera (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill Osborne Media. p. 336. ISBN 978-0-07-149580-6. There are a number of programs that allow you to get the equivalent of infinite depth of field in your photos, with sharp focus from the foreground all the way back to the rear. How is this possible? By taking multiple photos of the same scene and stacking them afterwards into a composite that features only the sharpest bits of each image. One of the best is Helicon Focus.
Focusstacking (also known as focal plane merging and z-stacking or focus blending) is a digital image processing technique which combines multiple images...
removes out-of-focus portions of each exposure. The in-focus portions are then "stacked"; combined into a single image. Focusstacking is challenging...
Look up stacking in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Stacking may refer to: Stacking (video game), a 2011 game from Double Fine Stacking, a 1987 TV movie...
supported by computational imaging processes. For example, focusstacking combines multiple images focused on different planes, resulting in an image with a greater...
while others may be susceptible to forms of interference such as vote stacking. Every decade, starting in 1952, the British film magazine Sight and Sound...
creating panoramas, and Enfuse, an exposure fusion (HDR merging) and focusstacking tool that combines the depth of field and dynamic range from multiple...
subject can be made with slightly different focusing lengths and joined afterwards with specialized focusstacking software which picks out the sharpest parts...
depth-of-field bracketing which emulates the smooth bokeh effect of Smooth Trans Focus. Some cameras which provide bracketing of two parameters at the same time...
misrepresentation of groups targeted. A one-sided argument (also known as card stacking, stacking the deck, ignoring the counterevidence, slanting, and suppressed evidence)...
Cross-linguistic variations in case stacking representation and functions can be found. In general, case-stacking describes the phenomenon whereby a single...
(which was spin-merged to Micro Focus/Suse) IBM Mirantis Oracle OpenStack for Oracle Linux, or O3L Oracle OpenStack for Oracle Solaris Red Hat Stratoscale...
FOCUS is a fourth-generation programming language (4GL) computer programming language and development environment that is used to build database queries...
"Preventing applications from stealing focus". superuser.com. Stack Exchange Inc. Retrieved 18 November 2015. "Tabs can steal focus using alert/prompt/confirm popups"...
the need for stacking. The classic Mac OS was one of the earliest commercially successful examples of a GUI that used a sort of stacking window management...
[update] the three most actively-viewed sites in the network are Stack Overflow (which focuses on computer programming), Unix & Linux, and Mathematics. All...
take a movie through a microscope as you wind the focus up or down, and use it for focusstacking. Alternatively, one can convert a sequence of static...
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