Confocal microscopy, most frequently confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) or laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of using a spatial pinhole to block out-of-focus light in image formation.[1] Capturing multiple two-dimensional images at different depths in a sample enables the reconstruction of three-dimensional structures (a process known as optical sectioning) within an object. This technique is used extensively in the scientific and industrial communities and typical applications are in life sciences, semiconductor inspection and materials science.
Light travels through the sample under a conventional microscope as far into the specimen as it can penetrate, while a confocal microscope only focuses a smaller beam of light at one narrow depth level at a time. The CLSM achieves a controlled and highly limited depth of field.
^Pawley JB, ed. (2006). Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy (3rd ed.). Berlin: Springer. ISBN 0-387-25921-X.
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Confocalmicroscopy, most frequently confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) or laser scanning confocalmicroscopy (LSCM), is an optical imaging technique...
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samples – confocalmicroscopy and widefield microscopy – both have significant drawbacks for this type of application. In widefield microscopy, both in-focus...
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theory of evolution) and new technologies have become available (confocalmicroscopy, DNA sequencing, genomics). Additionally, the discovery of Onychophora...
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photoacoustic/thermoacoustic tomography, i.e., PAT/TAT) and photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), have been developed. A typical PAT system uses an unfocused ultrasound...
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samples. The rise of fluorescence microscopy drove the development of a major modern microscope design, the confocal microscope. The principle was patented...