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Fault gouge information


Fault gouge in a schist on Bailey Island, Maine

Fault gouge is a type of fault rock best defined by its grain size. It is found as incohesive fault rock (rock which can be broken into its component granules at the present outcrop, only aided with fingers/pen-knife), with less than 30% clasts >2mm in diameter.[1] Fault gouge forms in near-surface fault zones with brittle deformation mechanisms. There are several properties of fault gouge that influence its strength including composition, water content, thickness, temperature, and the strain rate conditions of the fault.

  1. ^ Woodcock, NH; Mort, K (2008). "Classification of fault breccias and related fault rocks". Geological Magazine. 145 (3): 435-440. doi:10.1017/S0016756808004883. S2CID 55133319.

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Fault gouge

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Fault gouge is a type of fault rock best defined by its grain size. It is found as incohesive fault rock (rock which can be broken into its component...

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Gouge

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tearing the eye Fault gouge, an unconsolidated rock type Shale Gouge Ratio, a mathematical algorithm to predict fault rock types Seabed gouging by ice, such...

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Fault breccia

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when the tectonic movement along the fault zone continues the cement itself can be fragmented leading to a new gouge material containing neoformed clasts...

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Cataclastic rock

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become fractured by later movements on the fault. Fault gouge is an unconsolidated and incohesive type of fault rock consisting almost entirely of finely...

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Cataclasite

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formed through faulting or fracturing in the upper crust. Cataclasites are distinguished from fault gouge, which is incohesive, and fault breccia, which...

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Alpine Fault

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locations along the West Coast, and typically consists of a 10 to 50 m wide fault gouge zone with pervasive hydrothermal alteration. This last is because water...

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Shear zone

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encountered in a shear zone: uncohesive fault rocks. Examples being fault gouge, fault breccia, and foliated gouge. cohesive fault rocks like crush breccias and...

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Shale gouge ratio

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Shale Gouge Ratio (typically abbreviated to SGR) is a mathematical algorithm that aims to predict the fault rock types for simple fault zones developed...

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Moab Fault

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properties of clay-bearing faults. Field mapping shows that layers of clay gouge and shale smear are common along the Moab Fault. Solum et al. describe the...

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Volcaniclastics

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volcanic autoclastic, alloclastic, and epiclastic materials; and fault gouge where faults displace volcanic rock. All are defined below. These can be divided...

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Nappe

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allowing fracturation, cataclasis and formation of tectonic breccia or fault gouge that could act as a decollement plane. Evaporites are also often related...

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Diamictite

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olistostromes mixing of sediments by submarine landslides tectonic origin fault gouge erosional origin regolith, in the form of a debris flow other mass wasting...

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Fault zone hydrogeology

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1 km, and with larger grains. With increasing intensity of cataclasis, fault gouge, often with the presence of clay, is formed. The largest reduction occurs...

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Demian Saffer

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Japan's Nankai fault, lower than expected stresses at Nankai, and that clay minerals in fault gouge play a much smaller role in fault slip behavior than...

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Fault friction

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Marone, C. & Evans, B. (1997). "Laboratory study of fault healing and lithification in simulated fault gouge under hydrothermal conditions" (PDF). Tectonophysics...

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1999 Jiji earthquake

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Sheng Yun Wu (2019). "Fault Dynamics of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake: clues from nanometric geochemical analysis of fault gouges". Scientific Reports....

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Ernest Henry Rutter

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identified enormous pore water pressure variability in clay-bearing fault gouges. Such pore water pressure variability significantly influences variations...

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Metamorphism

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shallowest depths, a fault zone will be filled with various kinds of unconsolidated cataclastic rock, such as fault gouge or fault breccia. At greater...

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Toshihiko Shimamoto

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weakening mechanism, fault lubrication was found to be constant during earthquakes. Shimamoto, Toshihiko (1977). Effects of fault-gouge on the frictional...

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Electron spin resonance dating

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Newer ESR dating applications include dating previous earthquakes from fault gouge, past volcanic eruptions, tectonic activity along coastlines, fluid flow...

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Deformation mechanism

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1130/mem79-p347 Engelder, James T. (1974). "Cataclasis and the Generation of Fault Gouge". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 85 (10): 1515. Bibcode:1974GSAB...

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Yangsan Fault

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Geological Society of Korea, 2013. Frictional properties of gouges collected from the Yangsan Fault, SE Korea, Vol.51, No.6, Journal of the Geological Society...

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Fault trace

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lineation which are linear gouges scraped into a rock from different rocks grinding along against each other. Slickenlines indicate a fault as well as its motion...

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Lewis Overthrust

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Furthermore, the first radiometric ages obtained from direct dating of thrust-fault gouge from the front ranges of the southern Canadian Rockies identified two...

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Greenside Mine

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other, cavities were created, partly filled with broken rock (fault breccia and fault gouge). Hydrothermal circulation of sea water at temperatures of 110–130 °C...

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Ghislenghien

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increased in the pipeline, which then ruptured with the fault centred on a 350 mm long gouge. Other contributing factors to the accident may have been...

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Ancestral sin

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Ancestral sin, generational sin, or ancestral fault (Koinē Greek: προπατορικὴ ἁμαρτία; προπατορικὸν ἁμάρτημα; προγονικὴ ἁμαρτία), is the doctrine that...

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John Green

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books have more than 50 million copies in print worldwide, including The Fault in Our Stars (2012), which is one of the best-selling books of all time...

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Hundalee Fault

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The Hundalee Fault in northern coastal Canterbury, New Zealand had a significant rupture in the 7.8 Mw 2016 Kaikōura earthquake for a minimal length of...

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