"Fall of Robespierre" redirects here. For the English theatrical play, see The Fall of Robespierre.
Coup of 9–10 Thermidor
Part of the French Revolution
Fall of Robespierre in the Convention by Max Adamo
Date
27 July 1794
Location
Paris, France
Result
Thermidorian victory
Fall of Montagnards
End of the Reign of Terror
Belligerents
Thermidorians Supported by:
National Convention
National Guard
Committee of General Security
Jacobins Supported by:
National Guard (loyalists)
Sans-culottes
Commanders and leaders
Paul Barras
Jean-Lambert Tallien
Joseph Fouché
Pierre-Louis Bentabole
Charles-André Merda
Maximilien Robespierre
Louis de Saint-Just
Georges Couthon
François Hanriot
Augustin Robespierre
Strength
Unknown
c. 3,000 loyalists
Casualties and losses
Unknown
Various people were executed:
21 Robespierrists
70 Communards
78 Montagnard deputies
The Coup d'état of 9 Thermidor or the Fall of Maximilien Robespierre is the series of events beginning with Maximilien Robespierre's address to the National Convention on 8 Thermidor Year II (26 July 1794), his arrest the next day, and his execution on 10 Thermidor (28 July). In the speech of 8 Thermidor, Robespierre spoke of the existence of internal enemies, conspirators, and calumniators, within the Convention and the governing Committees. He refused to name them, which alarmed the deputies who feared Robespierre was preparing another purge of the Convention, similar to previous ones during the Reign of Terror.[1]
On the following day, this tension in the Convention allowed Jean-Lambert Tallien, one of the conspirators whom Robespierre had in mind in his denunciation, to turn the Convention against Robespierre and decree his arrest.[2][3] By the end of the next day, Robespierre was executed in the Place de la Révolution, where King Louis XVI had been executed a year earlier. He was executed by guillotine, like the others.[4] Robespierre's fall led to more moderate policies being implemented during the subsequent Thermidorian Reaction.
^McPhee 2012, p. 214.
^Scurr 2007, p. 347.
^Jordan 1985, p. 218.
^Jordan 1985, p. 220.
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