Persian rule established across former Babylonian territories
Belligerents
Achaemenid Empire
Neo-Babylonian Empire
Commanders and leaders
Cyrus the Great Gobryas
Nabonidus Belshazzar ?
Strength
Unknown
Unknown
Babylon
class=notpageimage|
Location within modern-day Iraq
v
t
e
Campaigns of Cyrus the Great
Battles against the Satraps
Assyrian Camp
Persian Revolt
Hyrba
Persian Border
Pasargadae Hill
Invasion of Anatolia
Pteria
Thymbra
Sardis
Invasion of Babylonia
Opis
Babylon
The fall of Babylon was the decisive event that marked the total defeat of the Neo-Babylonian Empire to the Achaemenid Persian Empire in 539 BCE.
Nabonidus, the final Babylonian king and son of the Assyrian priestess Adad-guppi,[4] ascended to the throne in 556 BCE, after overthrowing his predecessor Labashi-Marduk. For long periods, he would entrust rule to his son Belshazzar, who was a capable soldier but a poor politician. As a result, he was somewhat unpopular with many of his subjects, particularly the priesthood and the military class.[5] To the east, the Persians had been growing in strength under the leadership of Cyrus the Great, who would soon lead a military expedition into Babylonian territory. In October 539 BCE, after the Battle of Opis, the Persian army made entry into the capital city of Babylon. With the success of Cyrus' campaign, Babylonia was incorporated into the Persian realm as a satrapy. As recorded in the Cyrus Cylinder, Cyrus vowed to respect the Babylonian people and also allowed incarcerated peoples to return to their homelands, most notably including the Babylonians' captives from Judah. Consequently, he was viewed as the legitimate successor of the ancient Babylonian kings, and, unlike Nabonidus, rose to become a popular figure in Babylon itself.[2]
^A Political History of the Achaemenid Empire. M. A. Dandamaev, Moukhammed Abdoulkadyrovitch Dandamaev. 1989. p. 60.
^ abRoux 1992, pp. 381–382; Oates 1986, pp. 134–135.
^Cite error: The named reference surprise capture was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Oates 1986, p. 132.
^Haywood, John (2005). The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Civilizations. London: Penguin Books Ltd. p. 49.
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Global Information
Achaemenid Empire
Neo-Babylonian Empire
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