For other uses, see Islands Wolf (disambiguation).
Falkland Islands wolf[1]
Mounted specimen in the collection of Otago Museum
Conservation status
Extinct (1876) (IUCN 3.1)[2]
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Order:
Carnivora
Family:
Canidae
Genus:
†Dusicyon
Species:
†D. australis
Binomial name
†Dusicyon australis
(Kerr, 1792)
Location of the Falkland Islands
The Falkland Islands wolf (Dusicyon australis), also known as the warrah (/ˈwɑːrə/WAH-rə or /ˈwɑːrɑː/WAH-rah) and occasionally as the Falkland Islands dog, Falkland Islands fox, warrah fox, or Antarctic wolf, was the only native land mammal of the Falkland Islands.[3] This endemic canid became extinct in 1876, the first known canid to have become extinct in historical times.
Traditionally, it had been supposed that the most closely related genus was Lycalopex, including the culpeo, which has been introduced to the Falkland Islands in modern times. A 2009 cladistic analysis of DNA identified the Falkland Islands wolf's closest living relative as the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), an unusually long-legged, fox-like South American canid, from which it separated about 6.7 million years ago.[4] However, the Falkland Islands wolf diverged from its mainland ancestor Dusicyon avus very recently, around 16,000 years ago.[5]Dusicyon avus persisted on the South American mainland until around 400 years ago.[6]
The Falkland Islands wolf existed on both West and East Falkland, but Charles Darwin was uncertain if they were differentiated varieties or subspecies.[7] Its fur had a tawny colour and the tip of the tail was white. Its diet is unknown, but due to the absence of native rodents on the Falklands, probably consisted of ground-nesting birds, such as geese and penguins, seal pups and insects, as well as seashore scavenging.[8] It has sometimes been said that it may have lived in burrows.[9]
^Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 532–628. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
^Sillero-Zubiri, C. (2015). "Dusicyon australis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T6923A82310440. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T6923A82310440.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^Portela, Roberto. "Evolutionary ecomorphology of the Falkland Islands wolf Dusicyon australis" (PDF). Retrieved 31 October 2020.
^"New Clues To Extinct Falklands Wolf Mystery". EurekAlert. Science Daily. 2009-11-03. Retrieved 2011-09-03.
^Austin, Jeremy J.; Soubrier, Julien; Prevosti, Francisco J.; Prates, Luciano; Trejo, Valentina; Mena, Francisco; Cooper, Alan (June 2013). "The origins of the enigmatic Falkland Islands wolf". Nature Communications. 4 (1): 1552. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.1552A. doi:10.1038/ncomms2570. hdl:2440/74885. ISSN 2041-1723. PMID 23462995.
^Prevosti, Francisco J.; Ramírez, Mariano A.; Schiaffini, Mauro; Martin, Fabiana; Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel E.; Carrera, Marcelo; Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio; Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J. (November 2015). "Extinctions in near time: new radiocarbon dates point to a very recent disappearance of the South American fox Dusicyon avus (Carnivora: Canidae)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 116 (3): 704–720. doi:10.1111/bij.12625. hdl:11336/46106.
^Darwin, Charles (1839). Narrative of the surveying voyages of His Majesty's Ships Adventure and Beagle between the years 1826 and 1836, describing their examination of the southern shores of South America, and the Beagle's circumnavigation of the globe. Journal and remarks. 1832–1836. (The Voyage of the Beagle). Vol. III. London: Henry Colburn. pp. 149–150.
^Glover Morrill Allen (June 1942). Extinct and vanishing mammals of the Western Hemisphere: with the marine species of all the oceans. Cooper Square Publishers. ISBN 978-0-8154-0433-0. Retrieved 4 September 2011.
^Massam, Steve. "The Evans Warrah, The Identification". Falkland Islands Museum and National Trust. Archived from the original on 2011-10-04. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
and 25 Related for: Falkland Islands wolf information
FalklandIslandswolf (Dusicyon australis), also known as the warrah (/ˈwɑːrə/ WAH-rə or /ˈwɑːrɑː/ WAH-rah) and occasionally as the FalklandIslands dog...
The history of the FalklandIslands (Spanish: Islas Malvinas) goes back at least five hundred years, with active exploration and colonisation only taking...
West Falkland (Spanish: Isla Gran Malvina) is the second largest of the FalklandIslands in the South Atlantic. It is a hilly island, separated from East...
the brain anatomy of several canids placed the maned wolf together with the FalklandIslandswolf and with pseudo-foxes of the genus Pseudalopex. One study...
Islandswolf may refer to: The Alexander Archipelago wolf, which is nicknamed the "islandswolf". The FalklandIslandswolf, also known as a warrah. The...
South American canids. The type species is Dusicyon australis, the FalklandIslandswolf. In 1914, Oldfield Thomas established this genus, in which he included...
from the 2 meter (6 ft 7 in) wolf to the 46 cm (18 in) fennec fox. Population sizes range from the FalklandIslandswolf, extinct since 1876, to the domestic...
about the size of a German shepherd. It was closely related to the FalklandIslandswolf or warrah (Dusicyon australis), which descended from a population...
The wildlife of the FalklandIslands is quite similar to that of Patagonia. The FalklandIslands have no native reptiles or amphibians, and the only native...
zerda). The wolf-like canids, (genus Canis, Cuon and Lycaon) including the dog (Canis lupus familiaris), gray wolf (Canis lupus), red wolf (Canis rufus)...
The FalklandIslands are located in the South Atlantic Ocean between 51°S and 53°S on a projection of the Patagonian Shelf, part of the South American...
of the island's population. East Falkland, which has an area of 6,605 km2 (2,550 square miles), a little over half the total area of the islands consists...
Cuicocha Lake Teodoro WolfIsland Yerovi IslandFalklandIslands (also claimed by Argentina) West Falkland East Falkland Jason Islands Îles du Salut Île du...
-P.; Pollinger, J. P.; et al. (2009). "Evolutionary history of the Falklandswolf". Current Biology. 19 (20): R937–R938. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.09.018...
-P.; Pollinger, J. P.; et al. (2009). "Evolutionary history of the Falklandswolf". Current Biology. 19 (20): R937–R938. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.09.018...
they ever wish to. FalklandIslands English is mainly British in character. However, as a result of the isolation of the islands, the small population...
extant species, six species have gone extinct since 1500 CE: the FalklandIslandswolf and South American fox in Canidae, the sea mink and Japanese otter...
Weddell Island (Spanish: Isla San José) is one of the FalklandIslands in the South Atlantic, lying off the southwest extremity of West Falkland. It is...
genetic diversity and assisting them in recovery. Darwin's fox FalklandIslandswolf Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder...
no longer valid. It has been used in the past to refer to: The FalklandIslandswolf The Australian dingo (Canis antarticus Kerr, 1792. Note: no second...
the FalklandIslands. There are 28 mammal species in and around the FalklandIslands, of which two are endangered and two are vulnerable. The Falkland Island...
Dermitzakis, Michael (2010). Evolution of Island Mammals: Adaptation and Extinction of Placental Mammals on Islands. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 225–227...
Global Information
