Future extinction of species due to events in the past
In ecology, extinction debt is the future extinction of species due to events in the past. The phrases dead clade walking and survival without recovery express the same idea.[1]
Extinction debt occurs because of time delays between impacts on a species, such as destruction of habitat, and the species' ultimate disappearance. For instance, long-lived trees may survive for many years even after reproduction of new trees has become impossible, and thus they may be committed to extinction. Technically, extinction debt generally refers to the number of species in an area likely to become extinct, rather than the prospects of any one species, but colloquially it refers to any occurrence of delayed extinction.
Extinction debt may be local or global, but most examples are local as these are easier to observe and model. It is most likely to be found in long-lived species and species with very specific habitat requirements (specialists).[2] Extinction debt has important implications for conservation, as it implies that species may become extinct due to past habitat destruction, even if continued impacts cease, and that current reserves may not be sufficient to maintain the species that occupy them. Interventions such as habitat restoration may reverse extinction debt.
Immigration credit is the corollary to extinction debt. It refers to the number of species likely to migrate to an area after an event such as the restoration of an ecosystem.[3]
^Cite error: The named reference Jablonski2001 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Kuussaari2009 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Jackson, S. T.; Sax, D. F. (2010). "Balancing biodiversity in a changing environment: extinction debt, immigration credit and species turnover". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 25 (3): 153–60. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.10.001. PMID 19879014.
In ecology, extinctiondebt is the future extinction of species due to events in the past. The phrases dead clade walking and survival without recovery...
adapted competitors. Extinction may occur a long time after the events that set it in motion, a phenomenon known as extinctiondebt. Assessing the relative...
though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinctions. Local extinctions mark a change in the ecology of an area...
Human extinction is the hypothetical end of the human species, either by population decline due to extraneous natural causes, such as an asteroid impact...
Holocene extinction, or Anthropocene extinction, is the ongoing extinction event caused by humans during the Holocene epoch. These extinctions span numerous...
the end-Ordovician mass extinction or the Ordovician-Silurian extinction, is the first of the "big five" major mass extinction events in Earth's history...
The Voluntary Human Extinction Movement (VHEMT) is an environmental movement that calls for all people to abstain from reproduction in order to cause the...
genetics Mutational meltdown Small population size Extinction vortex ExtinctiondebtExtinctions in Near Time: Causes, Contexts, and Consequences 1999...
Marine extinction intensity during Phanerozoic % Millions of years ago (H) K–Pg Tr–J P–Tr Cap Late D O–S An extinction event (also known as a mass extinction...
species just below the critical value, a phenomenon known as extinctiondebt. Extinction thresholds are important to conservation biologists when studying...
lists of species and organisms that have become extinct. The reasons for extinction range from natural occurrences, such as shifts in the Earth's ecosystem...
The Late Pleistocene to the beginning of the Holocene saw numerous extinctions of predominantly megafaunal (typically defined as having body masses over...
Marine extinction intensity during Phanerozoic % Millions of years ago (H) K–Pg Tr–J P–Tr Cap Late D O–S The Late Devonian extinction consisted of several...
biodiversity is to maintain ecological function to prevent ecological extinction. Examples of species and subspecies that are extinct in the wild include...
Background extinction rate, also known as the normal extinction rate, refers to the standard rate of extinction in Earth's geological and biological history...
Dead Men Walking Walking Dead (disambiguation) Dead clade walking, or extinctiondebt, in ecology Dead Man's Walk, a 1995 novel by Larry McMurtry Dead Man's...
Extinction vortices are a class of models through which conservation biologists, geneticists and ecologists can understand the dynamics of and categorize...
Ecological extinction is "the reduction of a species to such low abundance that, although it is still present in the community, it no longer interacts...
before it falls below viable population limits, at which point an extinctiondebt occurs regardless of what comes after, efforts to protect ecosystems...
The extinction symbol represents the threat of holocene extinction on Earth; a circle represents the planet and a stylised hourglass is a warning that...
This is a list of extinction events, both mass and minor: "Big Five" major extinction events (see graphic) Marine extinction intensity during Phanerozoic...
possible size at which a biological population can exist without facing extinction from natural disasters or demographic, environmental, or genetic stochasticity...
role in the destruction of the fitness of the bee colony. The extinction or near extinction of these pollinators would result in many plants that feed humans...
Global Information