Reading longer, easier texts for extended periods of time
Extensive reading (ER) is the process of reading longer, easier texts for an extended period of time without a breakdown of comprehension, feeling overwhelmed, or the need to take breaks.[1][2] It stands in contrast to intensive or academic reading, which is focused on a close reading of dense, shorter texts, typically not read for pleasure.[3][2] Though used as a teaching strategy to promote second-language development, ER also applies to free voluntary reading and recreational reading both in and out of the classroom. ER is based on the assumption that we learn to read by reading.[4]
Implementation of ER is often referred to as sustained silent reading (SSR) or free voluntary reading; and is used in both the first- (L1) and second-language (L2) classroom to promote reading fluency and comprehension.[1] In addition to fluency and comprehension, ER has other numerous benefits for both first- and second-language learners, such as greater grammar and vocabulary knowledge, increase in background knowledge, and greater language confidence and motivation.[1][5]
ER pamphlet created by the Extensive Reading FoundationAbout half of all children in rural Laos speak a minority ethnic language at home, and have difficulty in school, which is taught only in the Lao language. This primary school in Laos began a daily reading period in September 2013, in which children select a book to read simply for enjoyment. Big Brother Mouse, a literacy project that sponsored the program, began conducting a study in 2013 to measure reading and vocabulary improvements in schools that had this program.
^ abcGrabe, W. (2012). Reading in a second language : moving from theory to practice. Cambridge University Press. OCLC 1010878257.
^ abNakanishi, Takayuki (2014-03-10). "A Meta-Analysis of Extensive Reading Research". TESOL Quarterly. 49 (1): 6–37. doi:10.1002/tesq.157. hdl:20.500.12613/3325. ISSN 0039-8322.
^Cite error: The named reference :22 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Rodrigo, V.; Greenberg, D.; Burke, V.; Hall, R.; Berry, A.; Brinck, T.; Joseph, H.; Oby, M. (2007). "Implementing an extensive reading program and library for adult literacy learners". Reading in a Foreign Language. 19 (2): 106–119.
^Krashen, S. (2004). Free voluntary reading: New research, applications, and controversies. RELC Conference.
Extensivereading (ER) is the process of reading longer, easier texts for an extended period of time without a breakdown of comprehension, feeling overwhelmed...
intensive or extensive, according to how the property changes when the size (or extent) of the system changes. The terms "intensive and extensive quantities"...
acquisition that focuses on the benefits of extensivereading and repetition as well as intensive reading. Nation's numerous contributions to the linguistics...
Reading comprehension is the ability to process written text, understand its meaning, and to integrate with what the reader already knows. Reading comprehension...
for achieving fluency in reading Latin, as it discourages students from reading large quantities of text (extensivereading). In his preface to his translation...
to develop many of his major works. Milton's views developed from extensivereading, travel, and experience that began with his days as a student at Cambridge...
language knowledge, and any residual hearing. Although lip reading is used most extensively by deaf and hard-of-hearing people, most people with normal...
Sustained silent reading (SSR) is a form of school-based recreational reading, or free voluntary reading, where students read silently in a designated...
and people began reading selected excerpts, allowing much more extensivereading on a wider range of topics. Private reading: Reading was linked to the...
Types Anthology Primer Graded readers Alphabet book Education Extensivereading Phonics Reading education Whole language Examples Alice and Jerry Dick and...
acquisition by Conrail in 1976. Commonly called the Reading Railroad and logotyped as Reading Lines, the Reading Company was a railroad holding company for most...
of the Reading Abbey Quarter was installed, including a new gallery at Reading Museum, and an extensive activity programme. Abbey Ward of Reading Borough...
original on 2022-10-09 Mason, Beniko; Krashen, Stephen D. (1997), "Extensivereading in English as a foreign language", System, 25 (1): 91–102, CiteSeerX 10...
fairs. Though psychic readings are controversial and a focus of skeptical inquiry, a popular interest in them persists. Extensive experimentation to replicate...
Tsang, Art; Fung, Daniel (2023-07-10). "Compulsory versus voluntary extensivereading: Investigating English learners' perceptions, proficiency and school...
A graded reader book is an "easy reading" book that supports the extensivereading approach to teaching English as a second or foreign language, and other...
necessary strategies to handle the context when reading, learners need support. Thus, extensivereading may be sufficient for developing advanced students’...
Tarot card reading is a form of cartomancy whereby practitioners use tarot cards to purportedly gain insight into the past, present or future. They formulate...
derived most of the material for their comparative studies through extensivereading, not fieldwork, mainly the Classics (literature and history of Ancient...
possibilities for observation and insight. Literary close reading and commentaries have extensive precedent in the exegesis of religious texts, and more...
Association of Teachers of English 한국영어교육학회 KEERA (Korea English ExtensiveReading Association 한국영어다독학회 PKETA (Pan-Korea English Teachers Association...
as well as academic purposes, the Trustees found in Dr. Williams's extensivereading, retentive memory... exact judgment, comprehensive views and philosophical...
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