From top to bottom, left to right: cylinder seal of a scene, block used for woodblock printing, movable type, printing press, lithograph press, offset press used for modern lithographic printing, linotype machine for hot metal typesetting, digital printer, 3D printer in action.
Part of a series on the
History of printing
Techniques
Woodblock printing
200
Movable type
1040
Intaglio (printmaking)
1430
Printing press
c. 1440
Etching
c. 1515
Mezzotint
1642
Relief printing
1690
Aquatint
1772
Lithography
1796
Chromolithography
1837
Rotary press
1843
Hectograph
1860
Offset printing
1875
Hot metal typesetting
1884
Mimeograph
1885
Daisy wheel printing
1889
Photostat and rectigraph
1907
Screen printing
1911
Spirit duplicator
1923
Dot matrix printing
1925
Xerography
1938
Spark printing
1940
Phototypesetting
1949
Inkjet printing
1950
Dye-sublimation
1957
Laser printing
1969
Thermal printing
c. 1972
Solid ink printing
1972
Thermal-transfer printing
1981
3D printing
1986
Digital printing
1991
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Dominance
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Ethics
Promotion
Segmentation
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Product marketing
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Influencer marketing
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On-hold messaging
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Sex in advertising
Underwriting spot
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New media
Online advertising
Out-of-home advertising
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e
Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The earliest known form of printing evolved from ink rubbings made on paper or cloth from texts on stone tablets, used during the sixth century.[1][a] Printing by pressing an inked image onto paper (using woodblock printing) appeared later that century.[3] Later developments in printing technology include the movable type invented by Bi Sheng around 1040 AD[4][5] and the printing press invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. The technology of printing played a key role in the development of the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses.[6]
^Tsien 1985, p. 8.
^Tsien 1985, p. 146.
^Suarez, Michael F.; Woudhuysen, H. R., eds. (2013). The Book: A Global History. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 574–576. ISBN 9780191668746.
^Needham, Joseph; Tsien, Tsuen-hsuin, eds. (2001) [1985]. Science and civilisation in China: Paper and printing. Vol. V:1 (Reprint ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 159, 201–205. ISBN 978-0-521-08690-5. At the present time, the only known authoritative account of the invention of movable type by a commoner named Pi Sheng (c. 990–1051) is the contemporary record of Shen Kua (1031–[1095]) [...] Although the process went into eclipse after its inception, it was a complete invention and fully four hundred years ahead of Gutenberg.
^"Great Chinese Inventions". Minnesota-china.com. Archived from the original on December 3, 2010. Retrieved July 29, 2010.
^Rees, Fran. Johannes Gutenberg: Inventor of the Printing Press Archived April 6, 2023, at the Wayback Machine
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Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include...
A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring...
3D printing or additive manufacturing is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. It can be done in a variety...
Screen printing is a printing technique where a mesh is used to transfer ink (or dye) onto a substrate, except in areas made impermeable to the ink by...
Offset printing is a common printing technique in which the inked image is transferred (or "offset") from a plate to a rubber blanket and then to the...
write') is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone)...
Print on demand (POD) is a printing technology and business process in which book copies (or other documents, packaging, or materials) are not printed...
Textile printing is the process of applying color to fabric in definite patterns or designs. In properly printed fabrics the colour is bonded with the...
The printing patent or printing privilege was a precursor of modern copyright. It was an exclusive right to print a work or a class of works. The earliest...
Money printing may refer to: Money creation to increase the money supply Debt monetization, financing the government by borrowing from the central bank...
Woodblock printing or block printing is a technique for printing text, images or patterns used widely throughout East Asia and originating in China in...
Inkjet printing is a type of computer printing that recreates a digital image by propelling droplets of ink onto paper and plastic substrates. Inkjet...
Publishing Office (USGPO or GPO; formerly the United States Government Printing Office) is an agency of the legislative branch of the United States Federal...
Printmaking is the process of creating artworks by printing, normally on paper, but also on fabric, wood, metal, and other surfaces. "Traditional printmaking"...
Duplex printing is a feature of some computer printers and multi-function printers (MFPs) that allows the printing of a sheet of paper on both sides automatically...
Digital printing is a method of printing from a digital-based image directly to a variety of media. It usually refers to professional printing where small-run...
pottery imprints, and cloth printing. Initially a method of printing patterns on cloth such as silk, woodblock printing for texts on paper originated...
Warp printing is a fabric production method which combines textile printing and weaving to create a distinctively patterned fabric, usually in silk. The...
a network printing protocol for submitting print jobs to a remote printer. The original implementation of LPD was in the Berkeley printing system in the...
Color printing or colour printing is the reproduction of an image or text in color (as opposed to simpler black and white or monochrome printing). Woodblock...
any color as the second color. A fake duotone, or duograph, is done by printing a single color with a one-color halftone over it. This process is generally...
Dot matrix printing, sometimes called impact matrix printing, is a computer printing process in which ink is applied to a surface using a relatively low-resolution...
Laser printing is an electrostatic digital printing process. It produces high-quality text and graphics (and moderate-quality photographs) by repeatedly...
English; moveable type in British English) is the system and technology of printing and typography that uses movable components to reproduce the elements of...
transfer the inks. After 1888, block printing was only used for short-run specialized jobs. After 1880, profits from printing fell due to overcapacity and the...
Pad printing (also called tampography) is a printing process that can transfer a 2-D image onto a 3-D object (e.g., a ceramic pottery). This is accomplished...
Lenticular printing is a technology in which lenticular lenses (a technology also used for 3D displays) are used to produce printed images with an illusion...
8-dimensional printing (4D printing; also known as 4D bioprinting, active origami, or shape-morphing systems) uses the same techniques of 3D printing through...
Relief printing is a family of printing methods where a printing block, plate or matrix, which has had ink applied to its non-recessed surface, is brought...
Thermal printing (or direct thermal printing) is a digital printing process which produces a printed image by passing paper with a thermochromic coating...
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