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Evolution of menopause information


Few animals have a menopause: humans are joined by just four other species in which females live substantially longer than their ability to reproduce. The others are all cetaceans: beluga whales, narwhals, orcas and short-finned pilot whales.[1] There are various theories on the origin and process of the evolution of menopause. These attempt to suggest evolutionary benefits to the human species stemming from the cessation of women's reproductive capability before the end of their natural lifespan. Explanations can be categorized as adaptive and non-adaptive:

  1. ^ Guarino B (27 August 2018). "Beluga Whales and Narwhals Go Through the Menopause Too". Retrieved 24 November 2019.

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Evolution of menopause

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and process of the evolution of menopause. These attempt to suggest evolutionary benefits to the human species stemming from the cessation of women's reproductive...

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Menopause

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Menopause, also known as the climacteric, is the time when menstrual periods permanently stop, marking the end of reproduction. It typically occurs between...

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Human evolution

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with other hominids. Delayed human sexual maturity also led to the evolution of menopause with one explanation, the grandmother hypothesis, providing that...

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Narwhal

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Kronborg; Weiss, Michael N.; Croft, Darren P. (13 March 2024). "The evolution of menopause in toothed whales". Nature. 627 (8004): 579–585. Bibcode:2024Natur...

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Leigh Van Valen

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Theory 12 (2001), 99–100. "The evolution of menopause", Evolutionary Theory 12 (2003), 131–153. "The statistics of variation", in: Variation (B. Hallgrímsson...

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Antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis

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O'Connor KA, Holman DJ, Brindle E, Barsom SH, Grimes MA (2001). The evolution of menopause by antagonistic pleiotropy. Center for Demography and Ecology, Working...

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Menstrual cycle

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years. Menstrual cycles end at menopause, which is usually between 45 and 55 years of age. Between menarche and menopause the ovaries regularly alternate...

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Parental investment

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hypothesis describes the evolution of menopause, which may or may not be unique to humans among primates. As women age, the costs of investing in additional...

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Menstruation

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months of breastfeeding. Menstruation, and with it the possibility of pregnancy, ceases after menopause, which usually occurs between 45 and 55 years of age...

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Breast

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(sprouting of breasts), menstruation (egg production), pregnancy (reproduction), lactation (feeding of offspring), and menopause (end of menstruation)...

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Recent human evolution

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the timing of menarche and menopause. Genetic evidence suggests that a species dubbed Homo heidelbergensis is the last common ancestor of Neanderthals...

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Grandmother hypothesis

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a hypothesis to explain the existence of menopause in human life history by identifying the adaptive value of extended kin networking. It builds on the...

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Woman

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until menopause. More generally, sex differentiation of the female fetus is governed by the lack of a present, or functioning, SRY gene on either one of the...

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Evolution of ageing

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Enquiry into the evolution of ageing, or aging, aims to explain why a detrimental process such as ageing would evolve, and why there is so much variability...

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Estradiol

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levels of estradiol may also predict fractures, with post-menopausal women having the highest incidence of bone fracture. Women past menopause experience...

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Homininae

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involvement of fathers in education is quite unique to humans, at least when compared to other Homininae. Concealed ovulation and menopause in women both...

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Female promiscuity

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cycle. It is common for sex drive to diminish dramatically after menopause. A number of studies, including Alfred Kinsey's, have concluded that the average...

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Vagina

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intercourse. Hot flashes are also characteristic of menopause. Menopause also affects the composition of vaginal support structures. The vascular structures...

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Orgasm

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inability to achieve orgasm is a common side effect of many medications. Menopause may involve loss of hormones supporting sexuality and genital functionality...

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Ovary

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stages beginning in the prenatal period through menopause. It is also an endocrine gland because of the various hormones that it secretes. Each ovary...

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Lithopedion

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natural menopause; diagnosis often happens when the patient is examined for other conditions that require being subjected to an X-ray study. A review of 128...

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Gamete

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passed menopause may be able to produce eggs and bear genetically related children with artificial gametes. Robert Sparrow wrote, in the Journal of Medical...

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Drospirenone

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medication which is used in birth control pills to prevent pregnancy and in menopausal hormone therapy, among other uses. It is available both alone under the...

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Body hair

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sides of the face (in the area of sideburns), or on the upper lip. These may appear at any age after puberty but are often seen in women after menopause due...

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