Ethnopluralism information

Ethnopluralism or ethno-pluralism, also known as ethno-differentialism,^[1]^[2] is a far-right political model which attempts to preserve separate and bordered ethno-cultural regions.^[3]^[4] According to its promoters, significant foreign cultural elements in a given region ought to be culturally assimilated to seek cultural homogenization in this territory, in order to let different cultures thrive in their respective geographical areas.^[5]^[6]^[7] Advocates also emphasize a "right to difference" (French: droit à la difference) and claim support for cultural diversity at a worldwide rather than at a national level.

Proponents describe ethnopluralism as an alternative to multiculturalism and globalization. They claim that it strives to keep the world's different cultures alive by embracing their uniqueness and avoiding a one-world doctrine in which different regions can be increasingly seen as culturally similar or identical.^[6] Critics have called the project a form of "global apartheid" and "separate but equal" doctrine,^[6]^[7] and many specialists have described the idea as a strategic attempt to legitimise racial supremacist views in public opinion by imitating egalitarian, anti-totalitarian, antiracist, or environmental discourses of the progressive movement.^[8]^[9]^[7] Scholars have also highlighted close ideological similarities with ideas promoted by French neo-fascist activists in the 1950–1960s.^[10]^[11]^[7]

The concept, formulated in its modern form by French political theorist and Nouvelle Droite founding member Alain de Benoist,^[7] is closely associated with the European New Right and the Identitarian movement.^[3]^[12]

^ Griffin, Roger; Feldman, Matthew (2004). Fascism: Post-war fascisms. Taylor & Francis. p. 84. ISBN 9780415290203.
^ Jackson, P.; Shekhovtsov, A. (2014). The Post-War Anglo-American Far Right: A Special Relationship of Hate. Springer. ISBN 9781137396211.
^ ^a ^b Bar-On 2001.
^ Bar-On 2011, p. 335: "De Benoist has also been responsible for restoring an aura of credibility to the extreme right - wing milieu and turning French ultra - nationalists into avid pan - Europeanists and radical ethnopluralists"
^ Spektorowska 2003.
^ ^a ^b ^c Deland, Minkenberg & Mays 2014, p. 58.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Rueda 2021.
^ Taguieff 2001, p. 109.
^ Taylor 2019.
^ Taguieff 1981.
^ François 2013.
^ McCulloch 2006.

[1] Griffin, Roger; Feldman, Matthew (2004). Fascism: Post-war fascisms. Taylor & Francis. p. 84. ISBN 9780415290203.

[2] Jackson, P.; Shekhovtsov, A. (2014). The Post-War Anglo-American Far Right: A Special Relationship of Hate. Springer. ISBN 9781137396211.

[FOOTNOTEBar-On2001-3] Bar-On 2001.

[4] Bar-On 2011, p. 335: "De Benoist has also been responsible for restoring an aura of credibility to the extreme right - wing milieu and turning French ultra - nationalists into avid pan - Europeanists and radical ethnopluralists"

[FOOTNOTESpektorowska2003-5] Spektorowska 2003.

[FOOTNOTEDelandMinkenbergMays201458-6] Deland, Minkenberg & Mays 2014, p. 58.

[FOOTNOTERueda2021-7] Rueda 2021.

[FOOTNOTETaguieff2001109-8] Taguieff 2001, p. 109.

[FOOTNOTETaylor2019-9] Taylor 2019.

[FOOTNOTETaguieff1981-10] Taguieff 1981.

[FOOTNOTEFrançois2013-11] François 2013.

[FOOTNOTEMcCulloch2006-12] McCulloch 2006.

Ethnopluralism information

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Ethnopluralism

Alain de Benoist

Identitarian movement

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