Global InformationEthnic Macedonians in Bulgaria information
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 1,143 (2021 census)[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Blagoevgrad Province and Sofia[2] - 25,000 (1998, Kanev est.)[3] | |
| Languages | |
| Bulgarian[3] and Macedonian[4] | |
| Religion | |
| Bulgarian Orthodox Church |
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| Macedonians |
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Ethnic Macedonians in Bulgaria (Macedonian: Македонци во Бугарија, romanized: Makedonci vo Bugarija) are one of the ethnic communities in Bulgaria. They are concentrated within the Blagoevgrad Province and the capital Sofia.[citation needed] In the latest 2021 Bulgarian census 1,143 citizens declared themselves as ethnic Macedonians.
According to the Bulgarian Helsinki Committee in 1998, their number ranged from 15,000 to 25,000.[6] In 2006, per the personal evaluation of a leading local ethnic Macedonian activist Stojko Stojkov, they counted already between 5,000 and 10,000 people. The 1992 census indicated 10,830 Macedonians, but in the 2001 census this figure had decreased to 5,071. However, in the 2011 Bulgarian census 1,654 people declared themselves to be ethnic Macedonians.
Macedonians were recognized as a minority between 1946 and 1958. During this period there was a surge of Macedonistic policies, the government went as far as to declare the newly codified Macedonian an official language of the Pirin region.[7][8] The Bulgarian Communist Party was compelled by Joseph Stalin to accept the formation of a distinct Macedonian nation, in order to create with the Yugoslav and Greek communists a United Macedonian state, as part of a scheduled Balkan Communist Federation[9][10][11] (see also the 1947 Bled Agreement). Although at the 1934 census, no Macedonians were recorded in Bulgaria, at the 1946 and 1956 censuses, the results indicated their number of almost 190,000. There are clear indications that the majority of the population from Blagoevgrad Province then was listed as ethnic Macedonians ex officio by order of the authorities.[9][10][12]
However, differences soon emerged with regard to the Macedonian question. Whereas Bulgarians envisaged a state where Yugoslavia and Bulgaria would be placed on an equal footing,[13] the Yugoslavs saw Bulgaria as a seventh republic in an enlarged Yugoslavia.[13] Their differences also extended to the national character of the Macedonians – whereas Bulgaria considered them to be a national offshoot of the Bulgarians,[14] the Yugoslavs regarded them as people who had nothing to do with the Bulgarians.[15]
Today the Bulgarian authorities deny any existence of Macedonian minority in the country, claiming there is no ethnic difference between both communities, while Skopje insists on the presence of such separate community, with some circles stating on 750,000 oppressed Macedonians there.[16]
- ^ Ива Капкова, Етноанализът на НСИ: 8,4% в България се определят към турския етнос, 4,4% казват, че са роми; 24.11.2022, Dir.bg
- ^ "Bulgarian 2011 census" (PDF). Nsi.bg. Retrieved 21 July 2011.
- ^ a b "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2006. Retrieved 24 July 2006.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Macedonian". Ethnologue.com. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
- ^ Веселин Ангелов, Премълчани истини Лица, събития и факти от българската история 1941-1989. Анико, София, 2005, ISBN 9789549070088, стр. 39.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Helsinkiwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Bugajski (1995)
- ^ Zang, Theodor (1991). "Selective Persecution of Macedonians in Bulgaria," News from Helsinki Watch, No.2, 1991.
- ^ a b Rothschild, Joseph. The Communist Party of Bulgaria; Origins and Development, 1883-1936. Columbia University Press. p. 126.
- ^ a b A. Cook, Bernard (2001). Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. p. 810. ISBN 0-8153-4058-3.
- ^ Coenen-Huther, Jacques (1996). Bulgaria at the Crossroads. Nova Publishers. p. 166. ISBN 1-56072-305-X.
- ^ Ulrich Büchsenschütz - "Minority Policy in Bulgaria. BKP policy to Jews, Gypsies, Turks and Pomaks (1944-1989), p. 5 (in Bulgarian: Улрих Бюксеншютц - „Малцинствената политика в България. Политиката на БКП към евреи, роми, помаци и турци (1944-1989)“, стр. 5) Archived 20 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Even today, it is not clear whether Bulgaria has a significant number of people who feel themselves "Macedonians", although the results of Census 1956 indicate the number of almost 200,000 (see Table. 5). These results, however, are grossly falsified - at that time on the population of Pirin Mountain exercised massive pressure to identify itself as "Macedonian". (in Bulgarian:До днес не e ясно, дали в България има значим брой хора, които се чувстват като "македонци", макар резултатите от преброяването през 1956 г. да посочват техния брой на почти 200000 (виж табл. 5). Тези резултати обаче са грубо фалшифицирани - в онова време върху населението на Пирин планина се упражнява масивен натиск да се признаят за "македонци".)
- ^ a b H.R. Wilkinson Maps and Politics. A Review of the Ethnographic Cartography of Macedonia, Liverpool, 1951. pp. 311–312.
- ^ Yugoslavia: A History of Its Demise, Viktor Meier, Routledge, 2013, ISBN 1134665113, p. 183.
- ^ Hugh Poulton Who are the Macedonians?, C. Hurst & Co, 2000, ISBN 1-85065-534-0. pp. 107–108.
- ^ Macedonia's Latest Propaganda Spree Invents 750 000 'Macedonians' in Bulgaria. 16, 2011, Novinite.com.