Abdul Hamid II Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha Mahmud Shevket Pasha
Casualties and losses
8,000 militants and civilians killed (1903–1908)[2]
v
t
e
Early IMRO / SMAC activity
1895 Cheta Action
Miss Stone Affair
Gorna Dzhumaya Uprising
Thessaloniki bombings of 1903
Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising
Battle of Mečkin Kamen
Battle of Sliva
Battle of Smilevo
Kokošinje murders
The Macedonian Struggle (Bulgarian: Македонска борба; Greek: Μακεδονικός Αγώνας; Macedonian: Борба за Македонија; Serbian: Борба за Македонију; Turkish: Makedonya Mücadelesi) was a series of social, political, cultural and military conflicts that were mainly fought between Greek and Bulgarian subjects who lived in Ottoman Macedonia between 1893 and 1912. The conflict was part of a wider guerilla war in which revolutionary organizations of Greeks, Bulgarians and Serbs all fought over Macedonia. Gradually the Greek and Bulgarian bands gained the upper hand. Though the conflict largely ceased by the Young Turk Revolution, it continued as a low intensity insurgency until the Balkan Wars.
^Sfetas, Spyridon (2001). "Το ιστορικό πλαίσιο των ελληνο-ρουμανικών πολιτικών σχέσεων (1866-1913)" [The Historical Context of Greco-Romanian political relations (1866–1913)]. Makedonika (in Greek). 33 (1). Society for Macedonian Studies: 23–48. doi:10.12681/makedonika.278. ISSN 0076-289X. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
^Ryan Gingeras: The Last Days of the Ottoman Empire, Penguin Random House, 2022, ISBN 978-0-241-44432-0.
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