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Ethane information


This article is about the chemical compound. For the emergency service protocol, see ETHANE.
Not to be confused with Ethene, Ethyne, or Methane.
Ethane
Skeletal formula of ethane with all hydrogens and carbons shown
Molecular geometry of ethane based on rotational spectroscopy.
Skeletal formula of ethane with all implicit carbons shown, and all explicit hydrogens added
Ball and stick model of ethane
Ball and stick model of ethane
Spacefill model of ethane
Spacefill model of ethane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Ethane[1]
Systematic IUPAC name
Dicarbane (never recommended[2])
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 74-84-0 checkY
3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
Beilstein Reference
 1730716
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:42266 checkY
ChEMBL
  • ChEMBL135626 checkY
ChemSpider
  • 6084 checkY
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.741 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 200-814-8
Gmelin Reference
 212
MeSH Ethane
PubChem CID
  • 6324
RTECS number
  • KH3800000
UNII
  • L99N5N533T checkY
UN number 1035
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID6026377 Edit this at Wikidata
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C2H6/c1-2/h1-2H3 checkY
    Key: OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
SMILES
  • CC
Properties
Chemical formula
 C2H6
Molar mass 30.070 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Odor Odorless
Density
  • 1.3562 kg/m3 (gas at 0 °C)[3]

544.0 kg/m3 (liquid at -88,5 °C)
206 kg/m3 (at critical point 305.322 K)

Melting point −182.8 °C; −296.9 °F; 90.4 K
Boiling point −88.5 °C; −127.4 °F; 184.6 K
Critical point (T, P) 305.32 K (32.17 °C; 89.91 °F) 48.714 bars (4,871.4 kPa)
Solubility in water
 56.8 mg L−1[4]
Vapor pressure 3.8453 MPa (at 21.1 °C)
Henry's law
constant (kH)
 19 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
Acidity (pKa) 50
Basicity (pKb) −36
Conjugate acid Ethanium
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)
 -37.37·10−6 cm3/mol
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)
 52.49 J K−1 mol−1
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)
 −84 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH⦵298)
 −1561.0–−1560.4 kJ mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
 GHS02: Flammable
Signal word
 Danger
Hazard statements
 H220, H280
Precautionary statements
 P210, P410+P403
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g. propaneInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazard SA: Simple asphyxiant gas. E.g. nitrogen, helium
1
4
0
SA
Flash point −135 °C (−211 °F; 138 K)
Autoignition
temperature
 472 °C (882 °F; 745 K)
Explosive limits 2.9–13%
Safety data sheet (SDS) inchem.org
Related compounds
Related alkanes
  • Methane
  • Propane
  • Butane
Related compounds
  • Disilane
  • Digermane
Supplementary data page
Ethane (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)
Infobox references

Ethane (US: /ˈɛθeɪn/ ETH-ayn, UK: /ˈiː-/ EE-) is a naturally occurring organic chemical compound with chemical formula C
2H
6. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. Like many hydrocarbons, ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas and as a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining. Its chief use is as feedstock for ethylene production.

Related compounds may be formed by replacing a hydrogen atom with another functional group; the ethane moiety is called an ethyl group. For example, an ethyl group linked to a hydroxyl group yields ethanol, the alcohol in beverages.

  1. ^ International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (2014). Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013. The Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 133. doi:10.1039/9781849733069. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. The saturated unbranched acyclic hydrocarbons C2H6, C3H8, and C4H10 have the retained names ethane, propane, and butane, respectively.
  2. ^ IUPAC 2014, p. 4. "Similarly, the retained names 'ethane', 'propane', and 'butane' were never replaced by systematic names 'dicarbane', 'tricarbane', and 'tetracarbane' as recommended for analogues of silane, 'disilane'; phosphane, 'triphosphane'; and sulfane, 'tetrasulfane'."
  3. ^ "Ethane – Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. US: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Retrieved 7 December 2011.
  4. ^ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. p. 8.88. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

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