General of the 4 Oirat and Yuan, Khagan of Mongolia
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Esen ᠡᠰᠡᠨ
Tian-sheng Khagan of the Great Yuan[1]
Khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty
Reign
12 September 1453[2]–1454
Predecessor
Agbarjin
Successor
Markörgis Khan
Born
1407 Outer Mongolia
Died
1454 Outer Mongolia
Spouse
Makhtum Khanim
Names
Esen
Era name and dates
Tianyuan (添元)[3]: 1453–1454
Regnal name
Tian-sheng Khagan of the Great Yuan (大元田盛大可汗)[3]
House
Choros
Dynasty
Northern Yuan
Father
Toghon Taishi
Esen (Mongolian: Эсэн; Mongol script: ᠡᠰᠡᠨ; Chinese: 也先)[4] (1407–1454), was a powerful Oirat taishi and the de facto ruler of the Northern Yuan dynasty between 12 September 1453 and 1454. He is best known for capturing the Emperor Yingzong of Ming in 1449 in the Battle of Tumu Fortress and briefly reuniting the Mongol tribes. The Four Oirat reached the peak of their power under his rule.
^Henry, Serruys (1956). "Notes on a Few Mongolian Rulers of the 15th Century". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 76 (2): 82–90. doi:10.2307/595075. JSTOR 595075. sent by Esen-tayisi with a document wherein he called himself Great Qayan T'ien-sheng of the. Great Yuan.s The document was dated the first.
^ Zhang Tingyu. 《明史·卷十一·本紀第十一·景帝》 (in Chinese). 甲午，也先自立為可汗。
^ ab張廷玉. 《明史‧卷三百二十八‧列傳第二百十六‧外國九‧瓦剌》 (in Chinese). 明年冬，也先自立為可汗，以其次子為太師，來朝，書稱大元田盛大可汗，末曰添元元年。田盛，猶言天聖也。報書稱曰瓦剌可汗。
^Robinson, "Politics, Force and Ethnicity in Ming China: Mongols and the Abortive Coup of 1461," 80.
Esen (Mongolian: Эсэн; Mongol script: ᠡᠰᠡᠨ; Chinese: 也先) (1407–1454), was a powerful Oirat taishi and the de facto ruler of the Northern Yuan dynasty...
Khan of Moghulistan EsenTaishi, 15th-century Oirat leader of Northern Yuan dynasty Aydin Esen (born 1962), Turkish composer Barış Esen (born 1986), Turkish...
"whole". Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that Taisun Khan, EsenTaishi, Manduul Khan, and Ligdan Khan had also used the "Great Yuan" dynastic...
to EsenTaishi's family. Uwais died in 1429. Two factions supporting his two sons Yunus Khan and Esen Buqa II quarreled over the throne with Esen Buqa...
suggestion, Yingzong personally led the army against the Mongol army of EsenTaishi. Unfortunately, at the Battle of Tumu Fortress, the Ming army was defeated...
called Ming Lak, where the Khan, having been seized, was led before EsenTaishi. EsenTaishi felt that if Uwais Khan really was a descendant of Genghis Khan...
ruler of the Northern Yuan, Esen, captured the Emperor Yingzong of Ming on September 1, 1449. In July 1449, EsenTaishi launched a large-scale, three-pronged...
Toghan's son EsenTaishi a taishi, and his younger brother Agbarjin a jinong.[citation needed] During the reign of Taisun Khan, EsenTaishi subjugated the...
Zhen, personally led the army to battle against the Mongolian army of EsenTaishi. However, in the Battle of Tumu Fortress, the Ming army was defeated...
tightened under his successor EsenTaishi. Mongolia was effectively unified under the power of the Oirat Taishi. EsenTaishi led active diplomatic exchanges...
by the Ming dynasty, EsenTaishi of the Northern Yuan led an invasion against the Ming dynasty in the year 1449. In September, Esen was victorious in the...
jinong over his ulus in 1433. When Toghtoa Bukha attempted to eliminate EsenTaishi's influence at the court, the Oirats offered Agbarjin the throne of khaganship...
known as the Northern Yuan dynasty. Although the throne was usurped by EsenTaishi of the Oirats in 1453, he was overthrown in the next year. A recovery...
Erdeni Batur, founder of the Dzungar Khanate, Galdan was a descendant of EsenTaishi, the powerful Oirat Khan of the Northern Yuan dynasty who united all...
The Oirats held sway over the Northern Yuan khans until the death of EsenTaishi in 1455, after which they migrated west due to Khalkha Mongol aggression...
Zhengtong Emperor is captured by EsenTaishi 23 September Zhu Qiyu becomes the Jingtai Emperor 27 October EsenTaishi lays siege to Beijing but fails to...
khans of the Northern Yuan dynasty. When he died in 1438, his son Esen became a taishi. The Oirats had close relations with Moghulistan and Hami where the...
The Oirats held sway over the Northern Yuan khans until the death of EsenTaishi in 1455, after which they migrated west due to Khalkha Mongol aggression...
Elbeg Khan (r.1392–1399), and enslaved Bahamu's son (the future Toghan taishi). Although Adai Khan’s authority did not fully reach western Mongols who...
Mongols there. Soon after the Tumu incident in 1449, when the Oirat ruler Esentaishi captured the Chinese emperor, Mongols flooded south from Outer Mongolia...
emperor of Northern Yuan Tianyuan (添元, 1453–1457), era name used by EsenTaishi, ruler of Northern Yuan Tian Yuan (disambiguation) This disambiguation...
campaign against them. The greatest ruler of the Oirat Confederacy was EsenTaishi; he led the Oirats from 1438 to 1454, a time in which he unified Mongolia...
Oirat leader EsenTaishi captured the Zhengtong Emperor of the Ming dynasty. EsenTaishi tried to force the Zhengtong Emperor to marry Esen's sister in a...
ventures as a means to curtail further eunuch influence. The Oirat leader EsenTaishi launched an invasion into the Ming dynasty in July 1449. The chief eunuch...
is captured by EsenTaishi 27 October EsenTaishi lays siege to Beijing but fails to take it and withdraws after 5 days 1451 EsenTaishi declares himself...
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