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Equatorial bulge information


An equatorial bulge is a difference between the equatorial and polar diameters of a planet, due to the centrifugal force exerted by the rotation about the body's axis. A rotating body tends to form an oblate spheroid rather than a sphere.

Comparison between an oblate spheroid and sphere.

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Equatorial bulge

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An equatorial bulge is a difference between the equatorial and polar diameters of a planet, due to the centrifugal force exerted by the rotation about...

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Planetary coordinate system

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an equatorial bulge matching its rotation rate. With 11808 km Saturn is the planet with the largest equatorial bulge in our Solar System. Equatorial bulges...

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Stellar rotation

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active features on the surface. The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also...

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Bulge

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at the center of a spiral galaxy Equatorial bulge, a bulge around the equator of a planet due to rotation Tharsis bulge, vast volcanic plateau centered...

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Nodal precession

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gravitational primary body. However, most bodies rotate, which causes an equatorial bulge. This bulge creates a gravitational effect that causes orbits to precess...

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Axial precession

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caused by the gravitational forces of the Moon and Sun on Earth's equatorial bulge, causing Earth's axis to move with respect to inertial space. Planetary...

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Equatorial ridge on Iapetus

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is heavily cratered, indicating that it is ancient. The prominent equatorial bulge gives Iapetus a walnut-like appearance. It is not clear how the ridge...

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Elevation

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confused with the distance from the center of the Earth. Due to the equatorial bulge, the summits of Mount Everest and Chimborazo have, respectively, the...

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Earth

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Earth's surface is farthest out from Earth's center of mass at its equatorial bulge, the summit of the volcano Chimborazo in Ecuador (6,384.4 km or 3,967...

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Figure of the Earth

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being approximately 0.3% shorter than the equatorial radius. Since the Earth is flattened at the poles and bulges at the Equator, geodesy represents the...

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Andes

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center than any other location on the Earth's surface, due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. The world's highest volcanoes...

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Spheroid

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System, with a flattening of 0.09796. See planetary flattening and equatorial bulge for details. Enlightenment scientist Isaac Newton, working from Jean...

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Gravity of Earth

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the difference in gravity at different latitudes is that the Earth's equatorial bulge (itself also caused by centrifugal force from rotation) causes objects...

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Chimborazo

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surface from the Earth's center, due to its location along the planet's equatorial bulge. Chimborazo's height is 6,263 m (20,548 ft), well below that of Mount...

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Geoid

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given reference ellipsoid, which is a slightly flattened sphere whose equatorial bulge is caused by the planet's rotation. Generally the geoidal height rises...

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Geodetic coordinates

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orbital mechanics (see orbital altitude). If the impact of Earth's equatorial bulge is not significant for a given application (e.g., interplanetary spaceflight)...

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Polar orbit

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if the satellite passes directly over the pole). Because of Earth's equatorial bulge, an orbit inclined at a slight angle is subject to a torque, which...

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Axial tilt

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(axial precession), due to torque exerted by the Sun on a planet's equatorial bulge. Like Earth, all of the rocky planets show axial precession. If the...

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Precession

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bulging outward at the equator. The gravitational tidal forces of the Moon and Sun apply torque to the equator, attempting to pull the equatorial bulge...

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List of past presumed highest mountains

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mountains when measured from sea level, however due to the Earth's equatorial bulge this is the farthest point from the Earth's center. Nanda Devi, 7,816...

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Jean Richer

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spherical, as had earlier been presumed, but rather bulges at and near the equator (equatorial bulge). Newton's claim of a 2.5 minutes per day difference...

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Flattening

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eccentricity. Earth flattening Eccentricity (mathematics) § Ellipses Equatorial bulge Ovality Planetary flattening Sphericity Roundness (object) Snyder,...

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Earth ellipsoid

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to mention the defining constants for unambiguous identification. Equatorial bulge Earth radius of curvature Geodetic datum Great ellipse Meridian arc...

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Rotation

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the Earth is slightly deformed into an oblate spheroid; a similar equatorial bulge develops for other planets. Another consequence of the rotation of...

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Ecliptic

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mostly to the gravitational effect of the Moon and Sun on Earth's equatorial bulge. Likewise, the ecliptic itself is not fixed. The gravitational perturbations...

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Geodesy

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extent, Earth's shape is the result of rotation, which causes its equatorial bulge, and the competition of geological processes such as the collision...

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