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Epigenetics in forensic science information


Epigenetics in forensic science is the application of epigenetics to solving crimes.[1][2]

Forensic science has been using DNA as evidence since 1984, however this does not give information about any changes in the individual since birth and will not be useful in distinguishing identical siblings. The focus of epigenetics in the forensic field is on non-heritable changes such as aging and diseases.[2]

Epigenetics involves any changes to the DNA that does not affect the sequence, but instead affects the activity of the DNA, such as the level of transcription of a particular gene. These changes can be passed down transgenerationally through the germline or arise after birth from environmental factors.[3][4] In humans and other mammals, CpG dinucleotides are the main sequence that develops methylation, and because of this most studies on try and find unique methylation sites. There are a few methylation sites that have been determined as a cause of environmental influences from age, lifestyle, or certain diseases.

  1. ^ Rana, Ajay Kumar (2018). "Crime investigation through DNA methylation analysis: methods and applications in forensics". Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences. 8. doi:10.1186/s41935-018-0042-1.
  2. ^ a b Kader F, Ghai M (April 2015). "DNA methylation and application in forensic sciences". review. Forensic Science International. 249: 255–65. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.01.037. PMID 25732744.
  3. ^ Anway MD, Cupp AS, Uzumcu M, Skinner MK (June 2005). "Epigenetic transgenerational actions of endocrine disruptors and male fertility". primary. Science. 308 (5727): 1466–9. Bibcode:2005Sci...308.1466A. doi:10.1126/science.1108190. PMID 15933200. S2CID 236588.
  4. ^ Weaver IC, Cervoni N, Champagne FA, D'Alessio AC, Sharma S, Seckl JR, Dymov S, Szyf M, Meaney MJ (August 2004). "Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior". primary. Nature Neuroscience. 7 (8): 847–54. doi:10.1038/nn1276. PMID 15220929. S2CID 1649281.

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