Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) is a type of pathogenic bacteria whose infection causes a syndrome that is identical to shigellosis, with profuse diarrhea and high fever. EIEC are highly invasive, and they use adhesin proteins to bind to and enter intestinal cells. They produce no toxins, but severely damage the intestinal wall through mechanical cell destruction.
EIEC are closely related to Shigella, like all E. coli are.[1][2] Their similarity in disease phenotype come from a homologous large virulence plasmid pINV. They also have in common in their loss of cadaverine synthesis, of ompT, and of curli formation. These features are probably acquired independently, as the two lost cadaverine synthesis in different ways.[3] Moreover, the "EIEC" does not form a monophyletic group in E. coli.[4]
After the E. coli strain penetrates through the epithelial wall, the endocytosis vacuole gets lysed, the strain multiplies using the host cell machinery, and extends to the adjacent epithelial cell. In addition, the plasmid of the strain carries genes for a type III secretion system that is used as the virulent factor. Although it is an invasive disease, the invasion usually does not pass the submucosal layer. The similar pathology to shigellosis may be because both strains of bacteria share some virulent factors. The invasion of the cells can trigger a mild form of diarrhea or dysentery, often mistaken for dysentery caused by Shigella species. The illness is characterized by the appearance of blood and mucus in the stools of infected individuals or a condition called colitis.[citation needed]
Dysentery caused by EIEC usually occurs within 12 to 72 hours following the ingestion of contaminated food. The illness is characterized by abdominal cramps, diarrhea, vomiting, fever, chills, and a generalized malaise. Dysentery caused by this organism is generally self-limiting with no known complications.[5]
It is currently unknown what foods may harbor EIEC, but any food contaminated with human feces from an ill individual, either directly or via contaminated water, could cause disease in others. Outbreaks have been associated with hamburger meat and unpasteurized milk.[6]
Enterovirulent classes of E. coli are referred to as the EEC group (enterovirulent E. coli):[citation needed]
Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) invades (passes into) the intestinal wall to produce severe diarrhea.
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC): A type of EHEC, E. coli O157:H7, can cause bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome (anemia and kidney failure).
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) produces a toxin that acts on the intestinal lining, and is the most common cause of traveler's diarrhea.
Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) can cause diarrhea outbreaks in newborn nurseries.
Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAggEC) can cause acute and chronic (long-lasting) diarrhea in children.
^Rolland K, Lambert-Zechovsky N, Picard B, Denamur E (September 1998). "Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli strains are derived from distinct ancestral strains of E. coli". Microbiology. 144 (9): 2667–72. doi:10.1099/00221287-144-9-2667. PMID 9782516.
^Strockbine, Nancy A.; Maurelli, Anthony T. (17 April 2015). "Shigella". Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria. pp. 1–26. doi:10.1002/9781118960608.gbm01168. ISBN 9781118960608.
^Pasqua, Martina; Michelacci, Valeria; Di Martino, Maria Letizia; Tozzoli, Rosangela; Grossi, Milena; Colonna, Bianca; Morabito, Stefano; Prosseda, Gianni (5 December 2017). "The Intriguing Evolutionary Journey of Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) toward Pathogenicity". Frontiers in Microbiology. 8: 2390. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02390. PMC 5723341. PMID 29259590.
^"Bad Bug Book: Handbook of Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins (PDF)" (PDF). Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved June 8, 2015.
^Escherichia coli, enteroinvasive Material Data Safety Sheets
and 23 Related for: Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli information
EnteroinvasiveEscherichiacoli (EIEC) is a type of pathogenic bacteria whose infection causes a syndrome that is identical to shigellosis, with profuse...
Escherichiacoli (/ˌɛʃəˈrɪkiə ˈkoʊlaɪ/ ESH-ə-RIK-ee-ə KOH-ly) is a gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia...
Escherichiacoli (/ˌɛʃəˈrɪkiə ˈkoʊlaɪ/ ESH-ə-RIK-ee-ə KOH-ly; commonly abbreviated E. coli) is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is commonly found...
diarrheagenic Escherichiacoli (DEC) are the following: enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC), Shiga...
Shigatoxigenic Escherichiacoli (STEC) and verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) are strains of the bacterium Escherichiacoli that produce Shiga toxin (or verotoxin)...
includes EHEC; enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC); and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC). There are different ways to identify E. coli based on variation of their O...
The Sereny test is a test used to test the invasiveness of enteroinvasiveEscherichiacoli, Shigella species, and Listeria monocytogenes. It is done by...
intestinal epithelial cells from the effects of infection with enteroinvasiveEscherichiacoli (EIEC)". Gut. 52 (7): 988–997. doi:10.1136/gut.52.7.988. ISSN 0017-5749...
Schembri MA (2010). "Molecular analysis of type 3 fimbrial genes from Escherichiacoli, Klebsiella and Citrobacter species". BMC Microbiol. 10: 183. doi:10...
FY; Veeraraghavan, B (21 January 2018). "Accurate differentiation of Escherichiacoli and Shigella serogroups: challenges and strategies". New Microbes New...
production in Enterobacteriaceae, in particular Klebsiella spp. and Escherichiacoli, and immediately alert epidemiology and infection-control staff members...
in the future. Shigella are closely related to Escherichiacoli, but can be differentiated from E.coli based on pathogenicity, physiology (failure to...
in H. influenzae. It is common that the F+ plasmid of a competent Escherichiacoli bacterium conjugates into the H. influenzae bacterium, which then allows...
significant impacts on human activity, such as the pathogenic species Escherichiacoli, Salmonella enterica, and Yersinia pestis, as well as agriculture-harming...
temperatures. C. freundii is more phylogenetically diverse than the clades of E. coli and Salmonella spp., indicating C. freundii to be a polyphyletic genus. Due...
during urination, and urine that is cloudy. The most frequent cause is Escherichiacoli. Urine is typically sterile but contains a variety of salts, and waste...
of a recombinant-attenuated Salmonella Enteritidis strain secreting Escherichiacoli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit protein and its immunogenicity and...
Global Information