This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.
The Enggano language, or Engganese, is an Austronesian language spoken on Enggano Island off the southwestern coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.
Enggano is notable among the Austronesian languages of western Insular Southeast Asia because of many unusual sound changes, and a low number of words shared with other Austronesian languages. There is however general consensus among Austronesianists that Enggano belongs to the Austronesian language family.[2][3][4][5][6] Failure to fully identify the inherited Austronesian elements in the basic lexicon and bound morphology of Enggano resulted in occasional proposals that Enggano might be a language isolate which had adopted Austronesian loanwords.[7][8]
When first contacted by Europeans, the Enggano people had more cultural commonalities with indigenous peoples of the Nicobar Islands than with those of Austronesian Sumatra. For instance, beehive houses were typical of both Enggano Island and the Nicobar Islands. However, there are no apparent linguistic connections with Nicobarese or other Austroasiatic languages.
^Yoder (2011).
^Lafeber (1922).
^Nothofer 1986.
^Blust, R. A. (2013). The Austronesian Languages, revised edition. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.
^Edwards (2015), p. 90.
^Smith (2017).
^Capell, Arthur, 1982. 'Local Languages in the PAN Area'. In Reiner Carle et al. ed., Gava‘: Studies in Austronesian languages and cultures dedicated to Hans Kähler, trans. Geoffrey Sutton, 1-15, p. 4.
^Blench, Roger. 2014. The Enggano: archaic foragers and their interactions with the Austronesian world. m.s.
The Engganolanguage, or Engganese, is an Austronesian language spoken on Enggano Island off the southwestern coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. Enggano is notable...
Enggano Island (Pulau Enggano) is about 100 km (60 mi) southwest of Sumatra, Indonesia. It is one of the 92 officially listed outlying islands of Indonesia...
in the northern part of Papua. Engganolanguage of Sumatra, unclassified West Papuan languages, an indigenous language family found only in eastern Indonesia...
The Enggano people are an isolated, but contacted, tribe which inhabits Enggano Island. Enggano Island is a small island located adjacent to the southwest...
Asian languages with high proportions of unique vocabulary of possible isolate origin include the Engganolanguage of Indonesia and the Kenaboi language of...
vocabulary of possible isolate origin: Engganolanguage (Indonesia) Manide language (Philippines) Umiray Dumaget language (Philippines) 0m1-kdo in MultiTree...
Culture language (Haiti) Mangue language (Nicaragua) (Oto-Manguean) Bhatola language [btl] (does not exist, requesting ISO code be retired[1]) Enggano language...
tə-GAH-log; [tɐˈɡaːloɡ]; Baybayin: ᜆᜄᜎᜓᜄ᜔) is an Austronesian language spoken as a first language by the ethnic Tagalog people, who make up a quarter of the...
An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its...
The Austronesian languages (/ˌɔːstrəˈniːʒən/) are a language family widely spoken throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, parts of Mainland Southeast Asia...
Malay: Bahasa Melayu, Jawi: بهاس ملايو) is an Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, and that...
Caledonian languages also known as Kanak languages form a branch of the Southern Oceanic languages. Their speakers are known as Kanaks. One language is extinct...
pronounced [ʔoːˈlɛlo həˈvɐjʔi]) is a Polynesian language and critically endangered language of the Austronesian language family that takes its name from Hawaiʻi...
western Java. It is the native language of more than 68 million people. Javanese is the largest of the Austronesian languages in number of native speakers...
indoˈnesija]) is the official and national language of Indonesia. It is a standardized variety of Malay, an Austronesian language that has been used as a lingua franca...
Cebuano (/sɛˈbwɑːnoʊ/ se-BWAH-noh) is an Austronesian language spoken in the southern Philippines. It is natively, though informally, called by its generic...
Enggano, and the Philippine Negrito languages Manide and Umiray Dumagat Several macrofamily schemes have been proposed for linking multiple language families...
Nengone is a language of the Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia. The phonological inventory of consonants is atypically large for an Oceanic language. Many sounds...
Portuguese: Tétum [ˈtɛtũ]) is an Austronesian language spoken on the island of Timor. It is one of the official languages of Timor-Leste and it is also spoken...
Bisaya/Binisaya nga Aklanon/Inaklanon or simply Aklan, is an Austronesian language of the Bisayan subgroup spoken by the Aklanon people in the province of...
expectancy, 70.35 years. Bengkulu also includes offshore Mega Island and Enggano Island in the Indian Ocean. Bengkulu has 525 kilometres of coastline along...
Common hill myna, Gracula religiosa Southern hill myna, Gracula indica Enggano hill myna, Gracula enganensis Nias hill myna, Gracula robusta Sri Lanka...
is an Austronesian language, spoken natively in the island country of Nauru. Its relationship to the other Micronesian languages is not well understood...
Philippine languages (40 languages, including Tagalog, Bikol languages and Visayan languages) Palawan languages (3 languages) Subanen languages (6 languages; sometimes...
(Wallisian: Fakaʻuvea), is the Polynesian language spoken on Wallis Island (also known as ʻUvea). The language is also known as East Uvean to distinguish...
to the Malayic languages, as well as to language groups spoken in Borneo such as the Land Dayak languages or the Kayan–Murik languages, based on high...