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Endothermic gas is a gas that inhibits or reverses oxidation on the surfaces it is in contact with. This gas is the product of incomplete combustion in a controlled environment. An example mixture is hydrogen gas (H2), nitrogen gas (N2), and carbon monoxide (CO). The hydrogen and carbon monoxide are reducing agents, so they work together to shield surfaces from oxidation.
Endothermic gas is often used as a carrier gas for gas carburizing and carbonitriding. An endothermic gas generator could be used to supply heat to form an endothermic reaction.[1]
Synthesised in the catalytic retort(s) of endothermic generators, the gas in the endothermic atmosphere is combined with an additive gas including natural gas, propane (C3H8) or air and is then used to improve the surface chemistry work positioned in the furnace.[2]
Endothermic Gas Generator
^Herring, Daniel H. "Principles and Use of Endothermic Gas Generators" (PDF). heat-treat-doctor. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
^Berry, Theodore P. "AN OVERVIEW OF ENDOTHERMIC GENERATORS" (PDF). mcgoff-bethune. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
Endothermicgas is a gas that inhibits or reverses oxidation on the surfaces it is in contact with. This gas is the product of incomplete combustion in...
treatment of metals, because it reduces oxides on the metal surface. Endothermicgas "Forming gas specs" (PDF). Messer Group. Archived from the original (PDF)...
gas. Synthesis gas is made by passing steam over a red-hot carbon fuel such as coke: H2O + C → H2 + CO (ΔH = +131 kJ/mol) The reaction is endothermic...
itself (energy modes). Thermal (kinetic) energy added to a gas or liquid (an endothermic process) produces translational, rotational, and vibrational...
(exothermic producer gas reaction) C (s) + H2O (g) → CO + H2 (endothermic water gas reaction) C + 2 H2O → CO2 + 2 H2 (endothermic) CO + H2O → CO2 + H2...
under atmospheric pressure requires the use of a protective gas, quite often endothermicgas. Sintering, with subsequent reworking, can produce a great...
natural gas or liquid hydrocarbons, or coal gasification. C + H2O → CO + H2 CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 C + CO2 → 2CO Steam reforming of methane is an endothermic reaction...
from one to four hours. The actual gas mixtures are proprietary, but they usually contain ammonia and an endothermicgas. Plasma-assisted ferritic nitrocarburizing...
minimum, which is below 120 °C for most permanent gases), but more soluble in organic solvents (endothermic dissolution reaction related to their solvation)...
150 °C (302 °F; 423 K), NO2 decomposes with release of oxygen via an endothermic process (ΔH = 14 kJ/mol): 2 NO2 →2 NO + O2 As suggested by the weakness...
{\displaystyle {\ce {CH4 + H2O <=> CO + 3 H2}}} The reaction is strongly endothermic (ΔHSR = 206 kJ/mol). Hydrogen produced by steam reforming is termed 'grey...
radical reactions. Solid fuels, such as wood and coal, first undergo endothermic pyrolysis to produce gaseous fuels whose combustion then supplies the...
170 kJ/mol) Another source is "water gas", a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide produced via the endothermic reaction of steam and carbon: H2O (g)...
ammonia is a slightly endothermic process requiring 23 kJ/mol (5.5 kcal/mol) of ammonia, and yields hydrogen and nitrogen gas. Ammonia is used to scrub...
others may require heat to enable the reaction to occur, which are called endothermic reactions. Typically, reaction rates increase with increasing temperature...
The energy change can be regarded as being made up of three parts: the endothermic breaking of bonds within the solute and within the solvent, and the formation...
at which the substance chemically decomposes. The reaction is usually endothermic as heat is required to break chemical bonds in the compound undergoing...
of steam into fuel preheated by combustion with air. The reaction is endothermic so the fuel must be continually re-heated to keep the reaction going...
demonstrated in classrooms are exothermic and exergonic. The opposite is an endothermic reaction, which usually takes up heat and is driven by an entropy increase...
0 °C, boiling point 113.5 °C, density 1.00 g/cm3). Despite it being an endothermic compound, it is kinetically stable. It burns quickly and completely in...
nearly twice the N–O distance. Since the heat of formation of •NO is endothermic, NO can be decomposed to the elements. Catalytic converters in cars exploit...
fluorine, and silicon or carbon tetrachloride, is reported to be an endothermic, colorless, crystalline compound that decomposes into the elements at...
18th century. These "synthetic fuel gases" (also known as "manufactured fuel gas", "manufactured gas" or simply "gas") were made by gasification of combustible...
production of tropospheric ozone. Difluoromethane is commonly used in endothermic processes such as refrigeration or air conditioning. Difluoromethane...
solution, hydrofluoric acid. Hydrogen fluoride is produced in kilns by the endothermic reaction of fluorite (CaF2) with sulfuric acid: CaF2 + H2SO4 → 2 HF(g)...
the standard heats of formation of substances at 25 °C (298 K). For endothermic (heat-absorbing) processes, the change ΔH is a positive value; for exothermic...
temperatures generally accelerates decomposition. The net reaction can be an endothermic process, or in the case of spontaneous decompositions, an exothermic...
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