A simple electric circuit, where current is represented by the letter i. The relationship between the voltage (V), resistance (R), and current (i or I) is V=IR; this is known as Ohm's law.
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I
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ampere
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An electric current is a flow of charged particles,[1][2][3] such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is defined as the net rate of flow of electric charge through a surface.[4]: 2 [5]: 622 The moving particles are called charge carriers, which may be one of several types of particles, depending on the conductor. In electric circuits the charge carriers are often electrons moving through a wire. In semiconductors they can be electrons or holes. In an electrolyte the charge carriers are ions, while in plasma, an ionized gas, they are ions and electrons.[6]
In the International System of Units (SI), electric current is expressed in units of ampere (sometimes called an "amp", symbol A), which is equivalent to one coulomb per second. The ampere is an SI base unit and electric current is a base quantity in the International System of Quantities (ISQ).[7]: 15 Electric current is also known as amperage and is measured using a device called an ammeter.[5]: 788
Electric currents create magnetic forces, which are used in motors, generators, inductors, and transformers.[8][9] In ordinary conductors, they cause Joule heating, which creates light in incandescent light bulbs. Time-varying currents emit electromagnetic waves, which are used in telecommunications to broadcast information.[10]
^McMonagle, Derek; Anning, Pauline (2016-03-31). Integrated Science for CSEC®. OUP Oxford. p. 206. ISBN 978-0-19-839562-1.
^Facer, George (2015-05-15). George Facer's Edexcel A Level Chemistry Student Book 1. Hodder Education. ISBN 978-1-4718-3282-6.
^Morris, Andrew (2022-10-19). Bugs, Drugs and Three-pin Plugs: Everyday Science, Simply Explained. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-000-72984-9.
^Horowitz, Paul; Hill, Winfield (2015). The art of electronics (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-80926-9.
^ abWalker, Jearl; Halliday, David; Resnick, Robert (2014). Fundamentals of physics (10th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. ISBN 978-1118230732. OCLC 950235056.
^Anthony C. Fischer-Cripps (2004). The electronics companion. CRC Press. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-7503-1012-3.
^Le Système international d’unités [The International System of Units] (PDF) (in French and English) (9th ed.), International Bureau of Weights and Measures, 2019, ISBN 978-92-822-2272-0
^Blackwell, Glenn R. (2017-12-19). The Electronic Packaging Handbook. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-351-83554-1.
^Singh, Kulwant (2023-08-30). Science Laws and Their Applications. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 214. ISBN 978-1-5275-2911-3.
^DK (2020-10-01). The Visual Encyclopedia. Dorling Kindersley Limited. p. 272. ISBN 978-0-241-50166-5.
An electriccurrent is a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is defined as the net...
potential difference, electric pressure, or electric tension is the difference in electric potential between two points. In a static electric field, it corresponds...
Alternating current (AC) is an electriccurrent that periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time, in contrast to...
(electric injury) or electrical shock (electric shock) is damage sustained to the skin or internal organs on direct contact with an electriccurrent....
current density vector is defined as a vector whose magnitude is the electriccurrent per cross-sectional area at a given point in space, its direction being...
Direct current (DC) is one-directional flow of electric charge. An electrochemical cell is a prime example of DC power. Direct current may flow through...
Electric charge (symbol q, sometimes Q) is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field...
the other has a wire winding in which the changing field induces an electriccurrent: Field winding or field (permanent) magnets: The magnetic field-producing...
electric charges is an electriccurrent and produces a magnetic field. In most applications, Coulomb's law determines the force acting on an electric...
Electric fields originate from electric charges and time-varying electriccurrents. Electric fields and magnetic fields are both manifestations of the electromagnetic...
or how strongly it resists electriccurrent. A low resistivity indicates a material that readily allows electriccurrent. Resistivity is commonly represented...
Displacement current density has the same units as electriccurrent density, and it is a source of the magnetic field just as actual current is. However...
(RF) is the oscillation rate of an alternating electriccurrent or voltage or of a magnetic, electric or electromagnetic field or mechanical system in...
multiple times using an applied electriccurrent; the original composition of the electrodes can be restored by reverse current. Examples include the lead–acid...
to the flow of electriccurrent. Its reciprocal quantity is electrical conductance, measuring the ease with which an electriccurrent passes. Electrical...
magnetic field and electriccurrent in a wire winding to generate force in the form of torque applied on the motor's shaft. An electric generator is mechanically...
electrons generates electriccurrent, positively charged holes, and positive or negative ions in some cases. In order for current to flow within a closed...
In electromagnetism, an eddy current (also called Foucault's current) is a loop of electriccurrent induced within conductors by a changing magnetic field...
always exist as pairs: every north pole is yoked to a south pole. An electriccurrent inside a wire creates a corresponding circumferential magnetic field...
physical field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electriccurrents,: ch1 and magnetic materials. A moving charge in a magnetic...
Conserved current, a field associated to a symmetry in field theory Electriccurrent, a flow of electric charge through a medium Thermal current, a flow...
electrochemistry, drift current is the electriccurrent, or movement of charge carriers, which is due to the applied electric field, often stated as the...
main categories of electric lights are incandescent lamps, which produce light by a filament heated white-hot by electriccurrent, gas-discharge lamps...
wattage is used colloquially to mean "electric power in watts". The electric power in watts produced by an electriccurrent I consisting of a charge of Q coulombs...
The electric chair is a specialized device employed for carrying out capital punishment through the process of electrocution. During its use, the individual...
heating and industrial processes. An electric heater is an electrical device that converts an electriccurrent into heat do have it is CV no PT Pengolahan...