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Economic and demographic indicators[1]
Parameter
Southern states of India
National
Per capita net state domestic product (SDP)
₹234712.16
(US$3,200)
₹162416.60
(US$2,191)
Percentage share in total FDI approved (1993–2003)
5.48
4.12
Average annual growth of SDP
5.6
3.6
Percentage of population below poverty line
15.41
29.10
Percentage of urban population (%)
35.82
23.81
Percentage of households with electricity (%)
98.91%
67.4
Literacy rate
82.87
75[2]
The economy of South India after independence in 1947 conformed to a socialist framework, with strict governmental control over private sector participation, foreign trade and foreign direct investment (FDI). Through 1960–1990, South Indian economies experienced mixed economic growth. In the 1960s, Kerala achieved above-average economic growth, while Andhra Pradesh's economy declined during this period. Similarly, Kerala experienced an economic decline in the 1970s while the economies of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka consistently exceeded national average growth rates after 1970. South India first started to overtake the rest of India economically in the 1980s.[3] Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka were noted by some to be more reform-oriented in terms of economic policy when compared to other Indian states.[4] Over the last decade South India has grown at 8% annually. Future economic growth will be shackled by a relatively low proportion of the active age population to the number of dependents.[5][citation needed] Today, South India has about 20% of India's population, and contributes about 31% of India's GDP; it is projected to contribute 35% by 2030.[6]
Over 48% of South India's population is engaged in agriculture, which is largely dependent on seasonal monsoons. Some of the main crops cultivated in South India include paddy, sorghum, pearl millet, pulses, sugarcane, cotton, chilli, and ragi. Areca, coffee, tea, vanilla, rubber, pepper, tapioca, and cardamom are cultivated on the hills, while coconut grows in abundance in coastal areas. The region is the most industrialized in the country with the city of Chennai, with a large automobile manufacturing presence, having the highest no of industries country-wide. Information Technology is a growing field in South India with Bangalore home to over 200 software companies. Three of the country's top software exporters—Bangalore, Chennai and Hyderabad—are located in South India.
Economic Indicators
Parameter
Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka
Kerala
Tamil Nadu
Telangana
Southern states of India
All India
Per Capita Income By States (PCI) (2019–20)
$2,409
$3,082
$3,040
$3,200
$3,049
--
$1,884.98
Gross State Domestic Product (2019–20)
₹10.80 lakh crore (US$150 billion)
₹15.88 lakh crore (US$220 billion)
₹8.75 lakh crore (US$140 billion)
20.54 lakh crore
(US$290 billion)
₹9.69 lakh crore (US$140 billion)
₹65.66 lakh crore (US$940 billion)
₹209.19 lakh crore (US$3.4 trillion)
^Also A Head For Numbers Archived 2 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Outlook India. 16 July 2007
^India. World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 20 March 2008
^"Why south India outperforms the north". BBC News. 20 September 2022. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
^"Working Paper No. 144 : Economic Growth in Indian States" (PDF). Icrier.org. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
^Nair, Remya (9 January 2019). "By 2050, more than 20% of people in south India will be over 65. And that spells trouble". ThePrint. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
^"Southern states to contribute 35% of India's $7 trillion economy by 2030". The Times of India. 9 June 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
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