Variety of Spanish used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries
Early Modern Spanish
Early Modern Castilian
español
castellano
Pronunciation
[espaˈɲol] [kasteˈʎano][a]
Native to
Spain
Region
Iberian peninsula
Ethnicity
Spaniards
Era
15th–17th century
Language family
Indo-European
Italic
Latino-Faliscan
Latin
Romance
Italo-Western
Western Romance
Ibero-Romance
West Iberian
Castilian[1][2]
Early Modern Spanish
Early forms
Proto-Indo-European
Proto-Italic
Old Latin
Vulgar Latin
Proto-Romance
Old Spanish
Writing system
Latin Aljamía (marginal)
Language codes
ISO 639-3
–
Glottolog
stan1288
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Early Modern Spanish (also called classical Spanish, Golden Age Spanish or Auric Spanish, especially in literary contexts) is the variant of Spanish used between the end of the fifteenth century and the end of the seventeenth century, marked by a series of phonological and grammatical changes that transformed Old Spanish into Modern Spanish.
Notable changes from Old Spanish to Early Modern Spanish include: (1) a readjustment of the sibilants (including their devoicing and changes in their place of articulation), (2) the phonemic merger known as yeísmo, (3) the rise of new second-person pronouns, (4) the emergence of the "se lo" construction for the sequence of third-person indirect and direct object pronouns, and (5) new restrictions on the order of clitic pronouns.
Early Modern Spanish corresponds to the period of Spanish colonization of the Americas, and thus it forms the historical basis of all varieties of New World Spanish. Meanwhile, Judaeo-Spanish preserves some archaisms of Old Spanish that disappeared from the rest of the variants, such as the presence of voiced sibilants and the maintenance of the phonemes /ʃ/ and /ʒ/.
Early Modern Spanish, however, was not uniform throughout the Spanish-speaking regions of Spain. Each change has its own chronology and, in some cases, geography. Slightly different pronunciations existed simultaneously. The Spanish spoken in Toledo was taken as the "best" variety and was different from that of Madrid.[3]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^Eberhard, Simons & Fennig (2020)
^Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2022). "Castilic". Glottolog 4.6. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
^Eisenberg, Daniel (1990). "Cervantes' Consonants". Cervantes. 10 (2). Cervantes Society of America: 3–14. Archived from the original on 2018-03-26.
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