Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of cervical spine showing ossification of the stylohyoid ligament on both sides
Eagle syndrome (also termed stylohyoid syndrome,[1]styloid syndrome,[2]stylalgia,[3]styloid-stylohyoid syndrome,[2] or styloid–carotid artery syndrome)[4] is an uncommon condition commonly characterized but not limited to sudden, sharp nerve-like pain in the jaw bone and joint, back of the throat, and base of the tongue, triggered by swallowing, moving the jaw, or turning the neck.[1] First described by American otorhinolaryngologist Watt Weems Eagle in 1937,[5] the condition is caused by an elongated or misshapen styloid process (the slender, pointed piece of bone just below the ear) and/or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament, either of which interferes with the functioning of neighboring regions in the body, such as the glossopharyngeal nerve.[5]
^ abWaldman SD (6 June 2013). Atlas of Uncommon Pain Syndromes. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 35–36. ISBN 978-1-4557-0999-1.
^ abBumann A, Lotzmann U (2002). TMJ Disorders and Orofacial Pain: The Role of Dentistry in a Multidisciplinary Diagnostic Approach. Thieme. p. 279. ISBN 978-1-58890-111-8.
^Taneja, Saumya; Chand, Sharad; Dhar, Shishir (March 2023). "Stylalgia and Styloidectomy: A Review". Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery. 22 (1): 60–66. doi:10.1007/s12663-022-01720-7. ISSN 0972-8279. PMC 9871118. PMID 36703673.
^Hoffmann E, Räder C, Fuhrmann H, Maurer P (March 2013). "Styloid-carotid artery syndrome treated surgically with Piezosurgery: a case report and literature review". Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. 41 (2): 162–166. doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2012.07.004. PMID 22902881.
^ abCite error: The named reference Petrovic2008 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
above the location on the mandible of the mylohyoid muscle attachment. Eaglesyndrome is a condition where there is an abnormal ossification of the stylohyoid...
Oral allergy syndrome (OAS) or pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is a type of allergy classified by a cluster of allergic reactions in the mouth and...
be made from Eaglesyndrome which uses the patient's description of "something caught in my throat" as a diagnostic tool. Eaglesyndrome is an elongation...
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in Eaglesyndrome. In many animals, the epihyal is a distinct bone in the centre of the stylohyoid ligament, which is similar to that seen in Eagle syndrome...
Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a burning, tingling or scalding sensation in the mouth, lasting for at least four to six months, with no underlying known...
lesions or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament in the context of Eaglesyndrome (elongated styloid process). Differential diagnosis of tonsilloliths...
other conditions. For example: Lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome. Lesions of this syndrome share features of both lupus erythematosus and lichen planus...
stylohyoid ligament calcification. This condition is also known as Eaglesyndrome. The tissues in the throat rub on the styloid process during the act...
Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome (along with facial nerve paralysis and granulomatous cheilitis). It is also seen in most patients with Down syndrome, in association...
Black hairy tongue syndrome (BHT) is a condition of the tongue in which the small bumps on the tongue elongate with black or brown discoloration, giving...
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