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Domestic-international dual circulation (simplified Chinese: 国内国际双循环; traditional Chinese: 國內國際雙循環; pinyin: guónèi guójì shuāng xúnhuán) is a Chinese government strategy to reorient the country's economy by prioritizing domestic consumption ("internal" or "domestic circulation") while remaining open to international trade and investment ("external" or "international circulation").^[1]^[2]^[3] The first academic study on dual circulation defined it as "the domestic consumption-driven economic rebalancing to achieve sustainable economic development".^[4]

The economic policy of dual circulation was put forward on 14 May 2020 by the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)^[5] and later revised by CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping to stress prioritizing "internal circulation".^[6] Dual circulation involves expanding domestic demand, focusing on the domestic market, improving the country's capacity for innovation, reducing dependence on foreign markets, and at the same time remaining open to the outside world.^[2]^[7]^[8]

^ Buckley, Chris (7 September 2020). "Xi's Post-Virus Economic Strategy for China Looks Inward". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference SCMP dual circulation explainer was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Jin dual circulation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Javed, Saad Ahmed; Bo, Yu; Tao, Liangyan; Dong, Wenjie (2021-01-01). "The 'Dual Circulation' development model of China: Background and insights". Rajagiri Management Journal. 17: 2–20. doi:10.1108/RAMJ-03-2021-0016. ISSN 2633-0091.
^ "高层会议首提"国内国际双循环"新发展格局，释放哪些重磅信号？". Yicai Global. Shanghai Media Group. Archived from the original on 2020-10-27. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
^ Yao, Kevin (9 September 2020). "What we know about China's 'dual circulation' economic strategy". Reuters. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
^ "国际锐评丨打造"双循环"的中国经济有力回击"脱钩"谬论". 央視新聞. Archived from the original on 2020-10-24. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
^ Cite error: The named reference 新華社 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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