Du Huan (simplified Chinese: 杜环; traditional Chinese: 杜環; pinyin: Dù Huán; Wade–Giles: Tu Huan, fl. 751–762) was a Chinese travel writer born in Chang'an during the Tang dynasty.
According to his writings, he was one of a few Chinese captured in the Battle of Talas in 751,[1] along with artisans Fan Shu and Liu Ci and fabric weavers Le Wei and Lu Li.[citation needed] After a long journey through the Abbasid Caliphate (the 'Lands of the Tājīk', 大食), he returned by ship to Guangzhou in 762.[1]
Following his return, he wrote his Jingxingji (lit.'Records of Travels'), a work which has been almost completely lost. A few extracts survived in Tongdian under volume 192 and 193, an encyclopedia compiled by his uncle, Du You (735–812).[1] The original text was reconstructed by Chen Yunrong in 1911.[1] In the 8th century, Du You's encyclopedia quoted Du Huan himself on Molin (North or East Africa):
We also went to Molin, southwest of Jerusalem. One could reach this country after having crossed the great desert of Sinai and having travelled 2,000 li (approx. 1000 km). The people there are swarthy, and their customs are bold. There is little rice and cereals, with no grass and trees on this land. The horses are fed with dried fish, and the people eat Gumang. Gumang is a Persian date. Subtropical diseases (Malaria) are widespread. After crossing into the inland countries there is a mountainous country, which gathered a lot of confessions here. They have three confessions, the Arab (Islam), Byzantine (Christianity) and Zimzim (Zoroastrianism). The Zimzim practise incest, and in this respect are worst of all the barbarians. The followers under the confession of Arab have a means to denote in law, while not entangling the defendant's families or kins. They don't eat the meat of pigs, dogs, donkeys and horses; they don't respect (bow) either the king of the country, nor their parents; they don't believe in supernatural powers, perform only sacrifice to heaven (Allah) and to no one else. According to their customs, every seventh day is a holiday (Jumu'ah), on which no trade and no currency transactions are done, whereas when they drink alcohol, and behave in a ridiculous and undisciplined way during the whole day. Within the confession of the Byzantines, there are beneficent medical doctors who know diarrhea; they could either recognize the disease before its outbreak, or could remove the worms by opening the brain.[2][3][4]
According to the historian Angela Schottenhammer, "Du Huan’s exceedingly positive description of the 'Lands of the Tājīk', coupled with the opportunities that he was granted during his travels, indicate that he was no traditional prisoner of war".[1] Schottenhammer also points out that he is unlikely to have visited all the lands he included in his report, but that he provides a detailed description of life in Kufa, which was the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate before the foundation of Baghdad.[1] His report may have served as a guide for the embassy of Yang Liangyao in 785, who went in the opposite direction, i.e. from Guangzhou via sea to the west.[1]
DuHuan (simplified Chinese: 杜环; traditional Chinese: 杜環; pinyin: DùHuán; Wade–Giles: Tu Huan, fl. 751–762) was a Chinese travel writer born in Chang'an...
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The Chinese name 怛羅斯; Dáluósī was first seen in the account of Xuanzang. DuHuan located the city near the western drain of the Chui River. The oasis towns...
that Cambyses lived with his sister. According to the Chinese traveller DuHuan (fl. 751–762), the religious law of Xun-xun, which refers to a non-Abrahamic...
(597–658) Chen Zi'ang (661–702) Cui Hao (704–754) Du Fu (712–770) DuHuan (fl. 8th century) Du Mu (803–852) Du You (735–812) Duan Chengshi (d. 863) Fang Xuanling...
Emperor Huan of Han (Chinese: 漢桓帝; pinyin: Hàn Huán Dì; Wade–Giles: Han Huan-ti; 132 – 25 January 168) was the 27th emperor of the Han dynasty after he...
are no contemporary Arab sources for this battle. A Chinese prisoner, DuHuan, who later returned to China reported weavers, painters, goldsmiths, and...
immigration to the area was substantial. A Chinese man captured at Talas, DuHuan, was brought to Baghdad and toured the caliphate. He observed that in Merv...
of the Tang dynasty. Du You also incorporated many materials from other sources, including a book written by his nephew, DuHuan, who was taken captive...
Khurasan. The region was considered the 'Second Arabia' or 'Colony of Basra'. DuHuan, a Chinese travel writer captured at Talas, was brought to Baghdad and...
Muslim Arabs). These passages are ultimately derived from the Jingxingji of DuHuan (fl. 8th century), a travel writer during the Chinese Tang dynasty (618–907)...
success. In around 760 Makuria was probably visited by the Chinese traveller DuHuan. The kingdom was at its peak between the 9th and 11th centuries. During...
literally "Record of Travels") was a now lost journey book written by DuHuan shortly after he returned to China in 762 from the Abbasid Caliphate. Only...
the great poet Li Bai (Li Po) was born in Suyab. The Chinese traveler DuHuan, who visited Suyab in 751, found among the ruins a still-functioning Buddhist...
China] through Guangzhou, and wrote his Travel Record . — Du You (735–812), a relative of DuHuan In 754 Tang forces defeated Baltistan (Greater Bolü) and...
Suzong's son Emperor Daizong of Tang became emperor of the Tang dynasty. DuHuan wrote the Jingxingji. 763 An Lushan Rebellion: The Yan emperor Shi Chaoyi...
Hezhuo (Ali Khoja) (Season 2) Xu Fulai as Shop-Owner Du (Season 2) Wang Hong as Shop-Owner Du's wife (Season 2) Hu Yasi as Xiaogezi (Season 2) Zhai Yuerong...
Right. He died in 806 at Chang'an, at the age of 71. Sino-Arab relations DuHuan Xinjiang 2015, p. 241. Xinjiang 2015, p. 240. Schottenhammer 2015, p. 185...
al-Muqaffa' Middle Chinese (see Tang dynasty Chinese writers) DuHuan (杜環, fl. 8th century) Du You (杜佑, 735–812) Li Bai (李白, 701–762) Liu Zhi (劉秩, fl. 8th...
PMID 35470064. S2CID 248362726. He, Puxing; Ma, Yixuan; Wu, Yaolu; Zhou, Qing; Du, Huan (2023). "Exploring PANoptosis in breast cancer based on scRNA-seq and bulk-seq"...
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