This article is about fluids used when drilling a well. For fluids used with drill bits during metal working, see cutting fluid.
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Driller pouring anti-foaming agent down the drilling string on a drilling rigBaryte powder used for preparation of water-based mud
In geotechnical engineering, drilling fluid, also known as drilling mud, is used to aid the drilling of boreholes into the earth. Used while drilling oil and natural gas wells and on exploration drilling rigs, drilling fluids are also used for much simpler boreholes, such as water wells.
The two main categories of drilling fluids are water-based muds (WBs), which can be dispersed and non-dispersed, and non-aqueous muds, usually called oil-based muds (OBs). Along with their formatives, these are used along with appropriate polymer and clay additives for drilling various oil and gas formations. Gaseous drilling fluids, typically utilizing air or natural gas, sometimes with the addition of foaming agents, can be used when downhole conditions permit.
The main functions of liquid drilling fluids are to exert hydrostatic pressure to prevent formation fluids from entering into the well bore, and carrying out drill cuttings as well as suspending the drill cuttings while drilling is paused such as when the drilling assembly is brought in and out of the hole. The drilling fluid also keeps the drill bit cool and clears out cuttings beneath it during drilling. The drilling fluid used for a particular job is selected to avoid formation damage and to limit corrosion.
geotechnical engineering, drillingfluid, also known as drilling mud, is used to aid the drilling of boreholes into the earth. Used while drilling oil and natural...
Drillingfluid invasion is a process that occurs in a well being drilled with higher wellbore pressure (normally caused by excessive mud weights) than...
The process of modern drilling for wells first started in the 19th century but was made more efficient with advances to oil drilling rigs and technology...
onshore drilling rig. Offshore drilling rigs have similar elements, but are configured with a number of different drilling systems to suit drilling in the...
A drill string on a drilling rig is a column, or string, of drill pipe that transmits drillingfluid (via the mud pumps) and torque (via the kelly drive...
capable of drilling through thousands of metres of the Earth's crust, using large "mud pumps" to circulate drillingfluid (slurry) through the drill bit and...
sized drilling rigs, small diameter bores, and crossing lengths in terms of hundreds of feet. Generally, the term Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD)...
properties of the drillingfluid, also known as drilling mud, are within designed specifications. Mud is a vital part of drilling operations. It provides...
extract natural resources such as gas or oil. During such drilling, data is acquired from the drilling rig sensors for a range of purposes such as: decision-support...
Underbalanced drilling, or UBD, is a procedure used to drill oil and gas wells where the pressure in the wellbore is kept lower than the static pressure...
strings and cementing plans, directional drilling plans, drillingfluids programs, and drill string and drill bit programs Specifying equipment, material...
samples of connate fluids and of the subsurface biosphere, mostly microbial life, preserved in drilled samples. Scientific drilling is carried out on land...
carried to the surface by drillingfluid circulating up from the drill bit. Drill cuttings can be separated from liquid drillingfluid by shale shakers, by...
Directional drilling (or slant drilling) is the practice of drilling non-vertical bores. It can be broken down into four main groups: oilfield directional...
recovery techniques. Drilling engineers manage the technical aspects of drilling exploratory, production and injection wells. Drillingfluid engineers A mud...
fluid loss control and well control, closed chamber tests, well stimulation, and a combination of DST and TCP. During normal well drilling, drilling mud...
Formation fluid refers to the naturally occurring liquids and gases contained in geologic formations. Fluids introduced during the drilling process are...
company near the drilling rig or on deck of an offshore drilling rig, or on a drill ship. Mud logging technicians in an oil field drilling operation determine...
contaminated with bacteria previously present in the drill bit and the kerosene drillingfluid.[citation needed] So far, the scientists have been able...
exerted by the column of drillingfluid is not great enough to overcome the pressure exerted by the fluids in the formation being drilled (pore pressure). Oil...
real-time drilling parameters such as rate of penetration (ROP), lithology, gas hydrocarbons, flow line temperature (temperature of the drillingfluid) and...
the drilled hole. Once the drilling rig has been removed, a wireline truck is used to perforate near the bottom of the well, and then fracturing fluid is...
referred to as a mud drilling pump or drilling mud pump), is a reciprocating piston/plunger pump designed to circulate drillingfluid under high pressure...
important component of drillingfluids in well drilling. It is used to flocculate and increase the density of the drillingfluid to overcome high downwell...
and rotary drilling, a method often used in mineral exploration for rock drilling. In the 1940s, thermal drills began to be used; these drills melt the...
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