The Discriminant Book (German: Kenngruppenbuch; literally: Groups to identify the key to the receiver) shortened to K-Book (K. Buch), and also known as the indicator group book or identification group book was a secret distribution list in booklet form, which listed trigraphs in random order.[1] The Kenngruppenbuch was introduced in May 1937, and used by the Kriegsmarine (German War Navy) during World War II as part of the Naval Enigma message encipherment procedure, to ensure secret and confidential communication between Karl Dönitz, Commander of Submarines (BdU) in the Atlantic and in the Mediterranean operating German submarines. The Kenngruppenbuch was used in the generation of the Enigma message Key that was transmitted within the message Indicator.[1] The Kenngruppenbuch was used from 5 October 1941, for the Enigma Model M3, and from 1 February 1942 exclusively for the Enigma M4. It must not be confused with the Kenngruppenheft which was used with the Short Signal Book (German: Kurzsignalbuch).
^ abMichael Smith (20 January 2011). The Bletchley Park Codebreakers, Appendix III. Biteback Publishing. p. 390. ISBN 978-1-84954-623-2. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
The DiscriminantBook (German: Kenngruppenbuch; literally: Groups to identify the key to the receiver) shortened to K-Book (K. Buch), and also known as...
Linear discriminant analysis (LDA), normal discriminant analysis (NDA), or discriminant function analysis is a generalization of Fisher's linear discriminant...
statistics, kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (KFD), also known as generalized discriminant analysis and kernel discriminant analysis, is a kernelized...
importance of the discriminant of the cubic equation to find algebraic solutions to certain types of cubic equations. In his book Flos, Leonardo de Pisa...
roots. In this case the discriminant determines the number and nature of the roots. There are three cases: If the discriminant is positive, then there...
Optimal Discriminant Analysis (ODA) and the related classification tree analysis (CTA) are exact statistical methods that maximize predictive accuracy...
reached Bletchley Park on 24 November 1942. They proved to be the DiscriminantBook Wetterkurzschlüssel (short weather key) and Kurzsignalheft Kurzsignalheft...
the discriminant is useful in a more advanced study of elliptic curves.) The real graph of a non-singular curve has two components if its discriminant is...
interest and test scores? External – Does the test have convergent, discriminant, and predictive qualities? Generalizability – Does the test generalize...
− 4 a c {\displaystyle \textstyle \Delta =b^{2}-4ac} is known as the discriminant of the quadratic equation. If the coefficients a {\displaystyle a} ,...
determinant of this is 1304 = 23·163, the field discriminant; in comparison the root discriminant, or discriminant of the polynomial, is 5216 = 25·163. Mathematicians...
{\displaystyle q=e^{\pi i\tau }} is the nome. The modular discriminant Δ is defined as the discriminant of the polynomial on the right-hand side of the above...
originated in 1845 and is often denoted "Det". This definition is a discriminant for a singular point on a scalar valued multilinear map. Cayley's first...
is the assignment of a label to a given input value. In statistics, discriminant analysis was introduced for this same purpose in 1936. An example of...
2 − 4 A C {\displaystyle B^{2}-4AC} , called the discriminant of the equation. Thus, the discriminant is − 4Δ where Δ is the matrix determinant | A B /...
original method is principal coordinates analysis (PCoA; based on PCA). Discriminant analysis, or canonical variate analysis, attempts to establish whether...
different rays. In particular, the density is highly sensitive to the discriminant of the polynomial, b2 − 16c. Conjecture F is concerned with polynomials...
mathematical basis for geostatistics derives from cluster analysis, linear discriminant analysis and non-parametric statistical tests, and a variety of other...
the scale's reliability and validity. Evidence of the convergent and discriminant validity of the WISC–V is provided by correlational studies with the...
steadily. Nevertheless, in the context of a simple classifier (e.g., linear discriminant analysis in the multivariate Gaussian model under the assumption of a...
(1103+26390k)}{(k!)^{4}396^{4k}}}.} This result is based on the negative fundamental discriminant d = −4 × 58 = −232 with class number h(d) = 2. Further, 26390 = 5 × 7...
terms such as "matrix" (in 1850), "graph" in the sense of network and "discriminant". He coined the term "totient" for Euler's totient function φ(n). In...