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Discriminant Book information


Kenngruppenbuch for use in configuring Naval Enigma

The Discriminant Book (German: Kenngruppenbuch; literally: Groups to identify the key to the receiver) shortened to K-Book (K. Buch), and also known as the indicator group book or identification group book was a secret distribution list in booklet form, which listed trigraphs in random order.[1] The Kenngruppenbuch was introduced in May 1937, and used by the Kriegsmarine (German War Navy) during World War II as part of the Naval Enigma message encipherment procedure, to ensure secret and confidential communication between Karl Dönitz, Commander of Submarines (BdU) in the Atlantic and in the Mediterranean operating German submarines. The Kenngruppenbuch was used in the generation of the Enigma message Key that was transmitted within the message Indicator.[1] The Kenngruppenbuch was used from 5 October 1941, for the Enigma Model M3, and from 1 February 1942 exclusively for the Enigma M4. It must not be confused with the Kenngruppenheft which was used with the Short Signal Book (German: Kurzsignalbuch).

  1. ^ a b Michael Smith (20 January 2011). The Bletchley Park Codebreakers, Appendix III. Biteback Publishing. p. 390. ISBN 978-1-84954-623-2. Retrieved 22 October 2016.

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Discriminant Book

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The Discriminant Book (German: Kenngruppenbuch; literally: Groups to identify the key to the receiver) shortened to K-Book (K. Buch), and also known as...

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Linear discriminant analysis

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Linear discriminant analysis (LDA), normal discriminant analysis (NDA), or discriminant function analysis is a generalization of Fisher's linear discriminant...

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Kernel Fisher discriminant analysis

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statistics, kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (KFD), also known as generalized discriminant analysis and kernel discriminant analysis, is a kernelized...

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Cubic equation

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importance of the discriminant of the cubic equation to find algebraic solutions to certain types of cubic equations. In his book Flos, Leonardo de Pisa...

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Quadratic equation

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roots. In this case the discriminant determines the number and nature of the roots. There are three cases: If the discriminant is positive, then there...

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Optimal discriminant analysis and classification tree analysis

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Optimal Discriminant Analysis (ODA) and the related classification tree analysis (CTA) are exact statistical methods that maximize predictive accuracy...

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Colin Grazier

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reached Bletchley Park on 24 November 1942. They proved to be the Discriminant Book Wetterkurzschlüssel (short weather key) and Kurzsignalheft Kurzsignalheft...

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Elliptic curve

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the discriminant is useful in a more advanced study of elliptic curves.) The real graph of a non-singular curve has two components if its discriminant is...

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Construct validity

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interest and test scores? External – Does the test have convergent, discriminant, and predictive qualities? Generalizability – Does the test generalize...

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Quadratic formula

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− 4 a c {\displaystyle \textstyle \Delta =b^{2}-4ac} is known as the discriminant of the quadratic equation. If the coefficients a {\displaystyle a} ,...

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Algebraic number field

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determinant of this is 1304 = 23·163, the field discriminant; in comparison the root discriminant, or discriminant of the polynomial, is 5216 = 25·163. Mathematicians...

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Weierstrass elliptic function

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{\displaystyle q=e^{\pi i\tau }} is the nome. The modular discriminant Δ is defined as the discriminant of the polynomial on the right-hand side of the above...

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Hyperdeterminant

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originated in 1845 and is often denoted "Det". This definition is a discriminant for a singular point on a scalar valued multilinear map. Cayley's first...

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Pattern recognition

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is the assignment of a label to a given input value. In statistics, discriminant analysis was introduced for this same purpose in 1936. An example of...

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Conic section

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2 − 4 A C {\displaystyle B^{2}-4AC} , called the discriminant of the equation. Thus, the discriminant is − 4Δ where Δ is the matrix determinant | A B /...

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Multivariate statistics

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original method is principal coordinates analysis (PCoA; based on PCA). Discriminant analysis, or canonical variate analysis, attempts to establish whether...

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Ulam spiral

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different rays. In particular, the density is highly sensitive to the discriminant of the polynomial, b2 − 16c. Conjecture F is concerned with polynomials...

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List of statistics articles

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Multiclass classification Multiclass LDA (linear discriminant analysis) – redirects to Linear discriminant analysis Multicollinearity Multidimensional analysis...

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Geography

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mathematical basis for geostatistics derives from cluster analysis, linear discriminant analysis and non-parametric statistical tests, and a variety of other...

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Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children

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the scale's reliability and validity. Evidence of the convergent and discriminant validity of the WISC–V is provided by correlational studies with the...

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Curse of dimensionality

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steadily. Nevertheless, in the context of a simple classifier (e.g., linear discriminant analysis in the multivariate Gaussian model under the assumption of a...

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Generative model

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classifiers, are: generative classifiers: naive Bayes classifier and linear discriminant analysis discriminative model: logistic regression In application to...

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Srinivasa Ramanujan

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(1103+26390k)}{(k!)^{4}396^{4k}}}.} This result is based on the negative fundamental discriminant d = −4 × 58 = −232 with class number h(d) = 2. Further, 26390 = 5 × 7...

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James Joseph Sylvester

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terms such as "matrix" (in 1850), "graph" in the sense of network and "discriminant". He coined the term "totient" for Euler's totient function φ(n). In...

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