You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (May 2024) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Histoire de la grande vitesse ferroviaire en France]]; see its history for attribution.
You may also add the template {{Translated|fr|Histoire de la grande vitesse ferroviaire en France}} to the talk page.
For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Development of the TGV" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(December 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
The TGV (French: Train à Grande Vitesse, high-speed train) is France's high-speed rail service. The idea of a high-speed train in France was born about twenty years before the first TGVs entered service. At that time, about 1960, a radical new concept was thought up; combining very high speeds and steep grades would allow a railway to follow the contours of existing terrain, like a gentle roller coaster. Instead of one or two percent grades which would be considered steep in normal applications, grades up to four percent would be feasible, thus allowing more flexible (and cheaper) routing of new lines. Over the next several years, this very general idea gave rise to a variety of high speed transportation concepts, which tended to move away from conventional "wheel on rail" vehicles. Indeed, the French government at the time favoured more "modern" air-cushioned or maglev trains, such as Bertin's Aérotrain; Steel wheel on rail was considered a dead-end technology. Simultaneously, SNCF (the French national railways) was trying to raise the speeds of conventional trains into the range 180 to 200 km/h (110 to 125 mph) for non-electrified sections, by using gas turbines for propulsion. Energy was reasonably cheap in those years, and gas turbines (originally designed for helicopters) were a compact and efficient way to fulfil requirements for more power. Following on the TGS prototype in 1967, SNCF introduced gas turbine propulsion with the ETG (Elément à Turbine à Gaz, or Gas Turbine Unit) turbotrains in Paris - Cherbourg service, in March 1970.
The desire for higher speeds and the successful development of the turbotrain program are two ideas that came together in the late 1960s, further spurred on by the 1964 start of the Japanese Shinkansen high-speed train. They were embodied in a joint program between SNCF and industry to explore the possibility of a high speed gas turbine unit. The project, initiated in 1967, was entitled "Rail Possibilities on New Infrastructures" and was code-named C03.
The experimental X4300 TGS railcar, predecessor of the ETG, had been tested at speeds up to 252 km/h (157 mph) in October 1971, and gave promising results. Since the very high speed lines envisioned by SNCF called for speeds of 250 km/h to 300 km/h (155 mph to 186 mph), SNCF had Alsthom-Atlantique build a special high speed turbotrain prototype to test out some concepts in high speed rail. Thus was born the turbotrain TGV 001, standing for Train à Grande Vitesse, or High Speed Train 001.
and 17 Related for: Development of the TGV information
TheTGV (French: Train à Grande Vitesse, high-speed train) is France's high-speed rail service. The idea of a high-speed train in France was born about...
costs. DevelopmentoftheTGV M originated with SNCF's launch of a program to procure a new generation of high-speed trains in 2015. In May 2016, the Alstom-headed...
TheTGV (French: Train à Grande Vitesse, "high-speed train"; previously TurboTrain à Grande Vitesse) is France's intercity high-speed rail service, operated...
just Euroduplex or TGV 2N2 in France, is a high-speed double-decker train manufactured by Alstom. It is primarily operated by the French national railway...
is headed by the current President, Andry Rajoelina, who organized it prior to the Antananarivo mayoral election in 2007. The term TGV is also a reference...
establish the East European TGV Association (French: l'Association TGV Est-Européen), which managed to bring together local authorities to support the project...
November 2015, a TGV train derailed in Eckwersheim, Alsace, France, while performing commissioning trials on the second phase ofthe LGV Est high-speed...
traffic along with Monaco, including theTGV, on France's high-speed rail network. Its functions include operation of railway services for passengers and...
rebranded as TGV inOui. Ouigo quickly proved popular with the travelling public, selling in excess of 2.5 million tickets during its first year of operation...
using 10 TGV trains. The company did not specify where it would be sourcing TGV rolling stock from and, whilst SNCF was at the time withdrawing TGV Atlantique...
share the same sets of tracks that RER B, and will offer a lower frequency, resulting in an overall similar travel time. Terminal 2 includes a TGV station...
The world record for a conventional wheeled passenger train is held by a modified French TGV high-speed (with standard equipment) code named V150, set...
Pendolino TGV trains: Avelia Euroduplex SNCF TGV Duplex SNCF TGV Sud-Est SNCF TGV Atlantique SNCF TGV Reseau SNCF TGV POS TGV TMST Renfe S100/101 TGV-K Thalys...
trains ICE 1 ICE 2 ETR 500 TGV trains TGV Sud-Est TGV Atlantique TGV Reseau TGV POS TGV Duplex Euroduplex Thalys PBA TGV TMST List of high-speed trains Stamps...
Heath; all ofthe improvements in the UK were on old lines of track, but France and Germany had built entire new electrified lines - theTGV was planned...
Global Information
