Two rebellions by the FitzGerald dynasty in Ireland, late 16th century
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Map of Ireland c. 1570. The Desmonds ruled the southwest corner of the island.Clothing of Irish women and men. c. 1575.
The Desmond Rebellions occurred in 1569–1573 and 1579–1583 in the Irish province of Munster. They were rebellions by the Earl of Desmond, the head of the FitzGerald dynasty in Munster, and his followers, the Geraldines and their allies, against the threat of the extension of the English government over the province. The rebellions were motivated primarily by the desire to maintain the independence of feudal lords from their monarch but also had an element of religious antagonism between Catholic Geraldines and the Protestant English state. They culminated in the destruction of the Desmond dynasty and the plantation or colonisation of Munster with English Protestant settlers. 'Desmond' is the Anglicisation of the Irish Deasmumhain, meaning 'South Munster'.
In addition to the scorched earth policy, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, Warham St Leger, Perrot and later Nicholas Malby and Lord Grey and William Pelham, deliberately targeted civilians, including women and children, the elderly or infirm or even those of diminished mental capacity regardless of whether they supported the Desmonds or not. It was considered a good policy to terrorise the native population. The American author Richard Berleth covers it in great detail in his book The Twilight Lords.
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Protestantism the state religion. The Tudor policies in Ireland sparked the DesmondRebellions (1569–1573, 1579–1583) and the Nine Years' War (1594–1603). Despite...
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ended in failure. The Munster plantation of the 1580s followed the DesmondRebellions. Businessmen were encouraged to invest in the scheme and English colonists...
Catholic monarch was preferable to excluding the 'natural heir', and rebellions by Protestant dissidents quickly suppressed. It was also viewed as temporary;...
and Lord Desmond were called to London and promised to keep the peace. Kilcash could of course also not fight to suppress the DesmondRebellions that were...
of Elizabeth and James I, after several brutal conflicts. (See the DesmondRebellions, 1569–73 and 1579–83, and the Nine Years War, 1594–1603, for details...
provinces of Munster and Connacht. This provoked the first of the DesmondRebellions led by James Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald of the Geraldine family, which...
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expansion of English control during the Tudor conquest. This sparked the DesmondRebellions and the Nine Years' War. The conquest of the island was completed...
DesmondRebellions occurred in 1569–1573 and 1579–1583 in the province of Munster. Ireland entered into a continuous state of war with the rebellion of...
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The Kingdom of Desmond (Irish: Deasmhumhain, meaning 'South Munster') was a historic kingdom in southwestern Ireland. It was founded in 1118 by Tadhg...
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