Dermatomyositis (DM) is a long-term inflammatory disorder which affects the skin and the muscles.[1] Its symptoms are generally a skin rash and worsening muscle weakness over time.[1] These may occur suddenly or develop over months.[1] Other symptoms may include weight loss, fever, lung inflammation, or light sensitivity.[1] Complications may include calcium deposits in muscles or skin.[1]
The cause is unknown.[1] Theories include that it is an autoimmune disease or a result of a viral infection.[1] Dermatomyositis may develop as a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with several forms of malignancy.[4] It is a type of inflammatory myopathy.[1] Diagnosis is typically based on some combination of symptoms, blood tests, electromyography, and muscle biopsies.[3]
Eighty percent of adults with adult-onset dermatomyositis have a myositis-specific antibody (MSA).[5]
Sixty percent of children with juvenile dermatomyositis have a myositis-specific antibody (MSA).[6]
Although no cure for the condition is known, treatments generally improve symptoms.[1] Treatments may include medication, physical therapy, exercise, heat therapy, orthotics, and assistive devices, and rest.[1] Medications in the corticosteroids family are typically used with other agents such as methotrexate or azathioprine recommended if steroids are not working well.[1] Intravenous immunoglobulin may also improve outcomes.[1] Most people improve with treatment and in some, the condition resolves completely.[1]
About one per 100,000 people per year are newly affected.[3] The condition usually occurs in those in their 40s and 50s with women being affected more often than men.[3] People of any age, however, may be affected.[3] The condition was first described in the 1800s.[7]
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrs"Dermatomyositis". GARD. 2017. Archived from the original on 5 July 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
^Cite error: The named reference Cal2006 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abcdefgh"Dermatomyositis". NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). 2015. Archived from the original on 19 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
^Tudorancea AD, Ciurea PL, Vreju AF, Turcu-Stiolica A, Gofita CE, Criveanu C, Musetescu AE, Dinescu SC (July 2021). "A Study on Dermatomyositis and the Relation to Malignancy". Current Health Sciences Journal. 47 (3): 377–382. doi:10.12865/CHSJ.47.03.07. PMC 8679146. PMID 35003769.
^Tansley SL, McHugh NJ, Wedderburn LR (2013). "Adult and juvenile dermatomyositis: are the distinct clinical features explained by our current understanding of serological subgroups and pathogenic mechanisms?". Arthritis Research & Therapy. 15 (2): 211. doi:10.1186/ar4198. PMC 3672700. PMID 23566358. Myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) can now be identified in 80% of adults.
^Papadopoulou C, Chew C, Wilkinson MG, McCann L, Wedderburn LR (June 2023). "Juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myositis: an update on pathophysiology and clinical care". Nature Reviews Rheumatology. 19 (6): 343–362. doi:10.1038/s41584-023-00967-9. PMC 10184643. PMID 37188756. Approximately 60% of patients with JDM are positive for a myositis-specific antibody (MSA).
^"History of Dermatomyositis". Dermatomyositis. 2009. pp. 5–8. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-79313-7_2. ISBN 978-3-540-79312-0.
adults with adult-onset dermatomyositis have a myositis-specific antibody (MSA). Sixty percent of children with juvenile dermatomyositis have a myositis-specific...
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Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IMM) of presumed autoimmune dysfunction resulting in muscle weakness among other...
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syndrome, scleroderma, mixed connective tissue disease, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, autoimmune hepatitis and drug-induced lupus. The ANA test detects...
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drug eruptions, cutaneous histiocytosis, cutaneous or systemic lupus, dermatomyositis, and Sertoli cell tumour.[page needed] Shetland Sheepdogs have four...
muscle inflammation, and sIBM was classified along with them. They are dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) and all three illnesses were called idiopathic...
hypogammaglobulinemia, Graves disease, pure red cell aplasia, pernicious anaemia and dermatomyositis, likely because of defects in negative selection in proliferating T...
causative factor in the development of autoimmune diseases, such as dermatomyositis. Furthermore, exposure to pesticides has been linked with an increased...
Southern Europe as an ingredient for perfume. The purplish facial rash of dermatomyositis is called "heliotrope rash" because it resembles E. arborescens. Seeds...
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