The aircraft involved in the incident in 1996, while being operated by American Trans Air
Incident
Date
April 12, 1977
Summary
Loss of pitch control due to malfunctioning elevator
Site
Los Angeles International Airport, Los Angeles, California, United States
Aircraft
Aircraft type
Lockheed L-1011 TriStar
Operator
Delta Air Lines
Registration
N707DA
Flight origin
San Diego International Airport
1st stopover
Los Angeles International Airport
2nd stopover
Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport
Last stopover
Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport
Destination
Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport
Occupants
52
Passengers
41[1][2]
Crew
11
Fatalities
0
Injuries
0
Survivors
52
Delta Air Lines Flight 1080 was a scheduled flight from San Diego, California to Atlanta, Georgia, notable for the incident that occurred on April 12, 1977 during the San Diego to Los Angeles leg of the flight.[3] Unknown to the crew, the Lockheed L-1011's left elevator had become stuck in a fully upwards position. This led to the aircraft pitching up aggressively and causing the aircraft to lose speed and nearly stall.[4] The pitching force, unable to be overcome by fully pushing the control column down, was counteracted by reducing the thrust on the L-1011's wing engines but not the tail engine. The differential thrust, along with moving all the passengers as far forwards as possible in the cabin, pitched down the nose of the airliner and allowed the pilots to land the aircraft.[1][5]
An investigation found that the pressurization and depressurization of the L-1011 during flight cycles had caused water to be pushed inside a bearing, heavily corroding it and causing it to become jammed during a routine control surfaces check prior to takeoff. The FAA issued an emergency airworthiness directive instructing airlines to do a check of the bearing. This verification, however, was not sufficient to prevent takeoff with a jammed elevator; and a similar incident followed two months later. The FAA then made it mandatory for crews to inspect the elevators before each takeoff.[1][6]
As a result of the incidents, Lockheed redesigned the elevator systems to be redundant upon failure of the bearings, as well as adding a seal to the bearing and a deflector to reduce the amount of water contacting the part.[1] Lockheed also modified the pilot's manual to improve the Pitch Axis Control Assist Procedures. The FAA further made it mandatory for pilots to be informed of these changes.[6]
For his skill in landing the crippled airplane, the captain, Jack McMahan, was awarded the FAA's Distinguished Service Award.[2] The airplane was repaired and continued to fly for Delta until 1985. It was subsequently sold to American Trans Air, where it was registered with the tail number "N187AT". The airplane was scrapped in 2002.[7]
^ abcd"The Saving Of Flight 1080". The Washington Post. 1978-10-08. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2018-05-19.
^ ab"Flight 1080" (PDF). Tristar500.net. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
^"NTSB ID: LAX77IA037". www.ntsb.gov. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 2020-06-09.
^"NASA Technical Paper : Development and Flight Evaluation of an Emergency Digital Flight Control System Using Only Engine Thrust on an F-15 Airplane" (PDF). Nasa.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
^ ab "Airworthiness directives: Lockheed-California Company Model, L-1011-385 Series Airplanes" (PDF). Federal Register. 42 (176): 45631–45632. 1977-09-12.
^"American Trans Air N187AT (Lockheed L-1011 TriStar - MSN 1077) (Ex N707DA ) | Airfleets aviation". www.airfleets.net. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
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