September 11 attacks information

September 11 attacks
Part of terrorism in the United States
United Airlines Flight 175 hits the South Tower Flight 77 hits The Pentagon Fuselage of Flight 93 in Stonycreek Township View of the collapsing North Tower Collapse of the 7 WTC World Trade Center site after the attacks The Pentagon building on fire
Location	Lower Manhattan, New York Arlington County, Virginia Stonycreek Township, Pennsylvania [a]
Date	September 11, 2001; 22 years ago (2001-09-11) c. 08:13 a.m.[b] – 10:03 a.m.[c] (EDT)
Target	North Tower (AA 11) South Tower (UA 175) The Pentagon (AA 77) U.S. Capitol Building or the White House (UA 93; unsuccessful due to passenger revolt)
Attack type	Islamic terrorism, aircraft hijacking, suicide attack, mass murder
Deaths	2,996 (2,977 victims + 19 Al-Qaeda terrorists)
Injured	6,000–25,000+[d]
Perpetrators	Al-Qaeda led by Osama bin Laden (see also: responsibility)
No. of participants	19
Motive	Several; see Motives for the September 11 attacks and Fatawā of Osama bin Laden
Convicted	Zacarias Moussaoui Imad Yarkas Mounir el-Motassadeq (see also: Trials related to the September 11 attacks)

September 11 attacks
Timeline Planning September 11, 2001 World Trade Center collapse Remainder of September October Post-October
Victims Casualties List A–G H–N O–Z
Hijacked airliners American Airlines Flight 11 United Airlines Flight 175 American Airlines Flight 77 United Airlines Flight 93 Suspected hijackings Korean Air Flight 085 Delta Air Lines Flight 1989
Crash sites World Trade Center site The Pentagon Stonycreek / Shanksville, Pennsylvania
Aftermath Immediate repercussions artwork destroyed closings and cancellations detentions Communication Post-9/11 economy local health airport security Reactions conspiracy theories Rudy Giuliani Unsuccessful terrorist plots
Response U.S. government response U.S. military response War on Terror Afghanistan North-West Pakistan Rescue and recovery effort maritime response Financial assistance Operation SUPPORT Operation Yellow Ribbon Memorials and services 9/11 Memorial and Museum Flight 93 National Memorial Pentagon Memorial Victims of Terrorist Attack on the Pentagon Memorial World Trade Center Health Program Killing of Osama bin Laden Killing of Ayman al-Zawahiri
Perpetrators Responsibility Al-Qaeda Osama bin Laden Alleged Saudi role Motives Hijackers 20th hijacker Hamburg cell Trials
Inquiries U.S. congressional inquiry the 28 pages September 11 intelligence before the attacks August 2001 CIA warning Phoenix Memo 9/11 Commission Commission Report criticism NIST investigation PENTTBOM ThinThread
Cultural effects Cultural references songs comics books Cartoonists Remember 9/11 Entertainment affected Humor Lost artworks Clear Channel memorandum
Miscellaneous War games Patriot Day The Falling Man Impending Death Dust Lady Raising the Flag at Ground Zero View from Williamsburg, Brooklyn, on Manhattan, 9/11 Tourist Guy hoax Iraq War Twin Towers II Disappearance of Sneha Anne Philip Disappearance of Michele Anne Harris Murder of Balbir Singh Sodhi Killing of Henryk Siwiak Mark Anthony Stroman Larme Price Rudi Dekkers Alicia Esteve Head Jersey Girls Emma E. Booker Elementary School Media documentation
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The September 11 attacks, commonly known as 9/11,^[e] were four coordinated Islamist suicide terrorist attacks carried out by Al-Qaeda against the United States on September 11, 2001. That morning, 19 terrorists hijacked four commercial airliners scheduled to travel from the East Coast to California. The hijackers crashed the first two planes into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, two of the world's five tallest buildings at the time, and aimed the next two flights toward targets in or near Washington, D.C., in an attack on the nation's capital. The third team succeeded in striking the Pentagon, the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Defense in Arlington County, Virginia, while the fourth plane crashed in rural Pennsylvania during a passenger revolt. The September 11 attacks killed 2,977 people, making them the deadliest terrorist attack in history, and instigated the multi-decade global war on terror, fought in Afghanistan, Iraq, and elsewhere.

The first impact was that of American Airlines Flight 11, which ringleader Mohamed Atta flew into the North Tower of the World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan at 8:46 a.m.^[f] Seventeen minutes later, at 9:03,^[g] the World Trade Center's South Tower was hit by United Airlines Flight 175. Both 110-story skyscrapers collapsed within an hour and forty-one minutes,^[h] bringing about the destruction of the remaining five structures in the WTC complex and damaging or destroying nearby buildings. A third flight, American Airlines Flight 77, crashed into the Pentagon at 9:37 a.m., causing a partial collapse. The fourth and final flight, United Airlines Flight 93, flew in the direction of the capital. Alerted to the previous attacks, the passengers fought for control, forcing the hijackers to nosedive the plane into a Stonycreek Township field, near Shanksville, at 10:03 a.m. Investigators determined that Flight 93's target was either the United States Capitol or the White House.

That evening, the Central Intelligence Agency informed President George W. Bush that its Counterterrorism Center had identified the attacks as having been the work of Al-Qaeda under Osama bin Laden's leadership. The United States formally responded by launching the war on terror and invading Afghanistan to depose the Taliban, which rejected the conditions of U.S. terms to expel Al-Qaeda from Afghanistan and extradite its leaders. The U.S.'s invocation of Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty—its only usage to date—called upon allies to fight Al-Qaeda. As U.S. and NATO invasion forces swept through Afghanistan, bin Laden eluded them by disappearing into the White Mountains. He denied any involvement until 2004, when excerpts of a taped statement in which he accepted responsibility for the attacks were released. Al-Qaeda's cited motivations included U.S. support of Israel, the presence of U.S. military bases in Saudi Arabia and sanctions against Iraq. The nearly decade-long manhunt for bin Laden concluded on May 2, 2011, when he was killed during a U.S. military raid after being tracked down to his compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan. The war in Afghanistan continued for another eight years until the agreement was made in February 2020 for American and NATO troops to withdraw from the country, and the last members of the U.S. armed forces left the region on August 30, 2021, after which the Taliban returned to power. Ayman al-Zawahiri, another planner of the attacks who succeeded bin Laden as leader of Al-Qaeda, was killed by U.S. drone strikes in Kabul, Afghanistan on July 31, 2022.^[14]

Excluding the hijackers, the attacks killed 2,977 people, injured thousands more and gave rise to substantial long-term health consequences while also causing at least $10 billion in infrastructure and property damage. It remains the deadliest terrorist attack in history as well as the deadliest incident for firefighters and law enforcement personnel in US history, killing 343 and 72 members, respectively. The loss of life stemming from the impact of Flight 11 secured its place as the most lethal plane crash in aviation history followed by the death toll incurred by Flight 175. The destruction of the World Trade Center and its environs seriously harmed the U.S. economy and induced global market shocks. Many other countries strengthened anti-terrorism legislation and expanded their powers of law enforcement and intelligence agencies. Cleanup of the World Trade Center site (colloquially "Ground Zero") took eight months and was completed in May 2002, while the Pentagon was repaired within a year. After delays in the design of a replacement complex, construction of the One World Trade Center began in November 2006; it opened in November 2014. Memorials to the attacks include the National September 11 Memorial & Museum in New York City, The Pentagon Memorial in Arlington County, Virginia, and the Flight 93 National Memorial at the Pennsylvania crash site.

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